Effects of reaction conditions on the formation of poly(2-vinylpyridine) coatings by electropolymerization

Dual-Switchable Bioelectrocatalysis Synergistically Controlled by pH and Perchlorate Concentration Based on Poly(4-vinylpyridine) Films

“…After only a few cycles of CV scans in solution, the peeling-off of the films was clearly observed even by naked eyes, and the following CV response of Fc(COOH) 2 at the cast P4VP film electrodes became similar to that at bare PG electrodes, demonstrating that the films were quickly removed from the PG surface in solution. The distinguished stability of the electropolymerized P4VP films, particularly in comparison with the cast P4VP films, appears to be linked to the fact that the electrochemical polymerization can lead to a high degree of cross-linking and branching in the films, especially in the presence of ClO 4 − . ,, …”

“…This pH-sensitive property of the films was used to tune the bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of glucose catalyzed by GOD in solution and mediated by the Os-complex units in the films through changing external solution pH. It was also reported that the P4VP and P2VP polymers had especially strong interaction with the ClO 4 − anion. – For example, the CV response of Fe(CN) 6 3− at P2VP film modified electrodes was quite large in pH 3.0 solutions containing Cl − , Br − , NO 3 − , or SO 4 2− but was significantly suppressed in pH 3.0 solutions containing ClO 4 − . All of these properties of P4VP and P2VP inspired us to use P4VP as the model polymer to modify electrodes and establish a dually switchable bioeletrocatalytic system.…”

Investigation of the anion uptake properties of cathodically electropolymerized poly(4-vinylpyridine) membranes

“…6 the current measured remained unaffected by the additional deposition cycles, indicating that the electropolymerized membranes are electrochemically passivating, and that the growth process is self-limiting. 45 It should be noted though that decreasing the number of cycles to 15 yields an improved response to Fe(CN 6 ) 4À , which may be associated with the facilitated anionic diffusion observed with thinner membranes. It becomes evident that, despite the structural similarity to 2-VP, the spontaneous polymerization experienced by 4-VP at high concentrations severely limits the usefulness of the electropolymerized membranes as enrichment layers.…”

“…48 The present study focuses on investigating the conditions for cathodic electropolymerization of poly(4-VP) membranes from partially protonated monomer solutions, and evaluating the enrichment behavior for anionic species (i.e., Fe(CN 6 ) 4À ). However, in contrast to the work reported by Ling et al which exhibited a potential limitation towards highly controlled deposition of uniform coatings due to solvent electrolysis (85 : 15 H 2 O : CH 3 OH 45,46 ), the electropolymerization procedure was performed in acetonitrile.…”

“…18,44 The authors demonstrated that membrane thickness and morphology could be influenced by changing monomer concentration (up to 0.25 M), solvent composition, and by protonation of approximately half of the monomers in solution with perchloric acid. [45][46][47] The significant difference in thickness between cathodically electropolymerized 4-VP (e.g, Lebrun et al 39 ) and the partially protonated 2-VP membranes developed by Ling 47 has been attributed to the reactivation of protonated polymer chains adsorbed onto the electrode and the subsequent electrochemical reduction. 48 The present study focuses on investigating the conditions for cathodic electropolymerization of poly(4-VP) membranes from partially protonated monomer solutions, and evaluating the enrichment behavior for anionic species (i.e., Fe(CN 6 ) 4À ).…”