Effects of Rainfall on Persistence of Phosmet Residues on Peach: Implications for Integrated Pest Management Programs1

Pree, D. J.; Menzies, D. R.; Fisher, Richard W.

doi:10.1093/jee/74.5.535

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, McDowell et al (1987) did not observe any differences in fenvalerate concentration in wash-off from rain intensities that ranged from 7-51 mm/h and Pick et al (1984) found no effect of rain intensity on WP and EC formulations of malathion. Pick et al (1984) further reported that as small as 1 mm of simulated rainfall removed sufficient amount of deposits off cotton plants, and Pree et al (1984) found similar effect of small amount of rain on phosmet deposits on peaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Mashaya (1993) reported that monocrotophos SC and acephate SP were more affected by simulated rainfall as compared to fenvalerate EC and methomyl SP on tobacco plants. In some situations, even a small amount of rainfall can sufficiently remove deposits of an insecticide rendering it significantly less effective against the targeted insect pests (Pree et al, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of simulated rainfall on the effectiveness of insecticides against spotted wing drosophila in blueberries

et al. 2016

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The current spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) management strategy relies on routine application of insecticides during the fruit ripening and harvesting period. The amount and frequency of insecticide spray needed to maintain continuous protection of fruits may depend on a variety of factors including the level of rainfall. Studies were conducted to determine the effects of simulated rainfall (0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5 mm) and adjuvant-Nu Film (with and without) on the residual efficacy of commonly used insecticides against D. suzukii in blueberries during the fruiting season of 2014 and 2015. Spray applications were made using an air-assisted backpack (2014) or airblast (2015) sprayer. Insecticide spray residues were allowed to dry for ~2 h before simulated rainfalls were applied using central pivot irrigation system. Semi-field bioassays were conducted to assess mortality at 1, 3 and 7 days after treatment (DAT). Results showed that simulated rainfall caused a significant reduction in D. suzukii mortality in all chemical treatments, particularly at 1 and 3 DAT in the 2014 study, and at 1 DAT in the 2015 study. In general, higher rainfall resulted in lower mortality in 2014, however such a clear trend was not observed in 2015. Addition of adjuvant, Nu Film 17, significantly increased mortality at 3 DAT in the zeta-cypermethrin treatment with 25 mm of simulated rainfall (2014). In 2015, the addition of Nu Film P significantly increased mortality at 1 DAT in the spinetoram and spinosad treatments with 12.5 mm, and in the malathion treatment with 25 mm of simulated rainfall. These results suggest that although frequent rainfall incidents increase the need for more frequent spray of insecticides, addition of adjuvants helps to prolong the residual efficacy of some insecticides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of simulated rainfall on the effectiveness of insecticides against spotted wing drosophila in blueberries

et al. 2016

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“…The half-lives (days to 50% residue loss) of formetanate HCl and propargite were less than 10 days whereas dicofol was more persistent (half-life of residue was about 15 days). Pree et al (1981Pree et al ( , 1984 showed, for phosmet, that rains close to application had more effect on residue losses and also on mortality of Oriental fruit moth (Grapholitha molesta Busck) than similar rains later in the degradation curve. Clofentezine and hexythiazox had half-lives of about 15 days (Fig.…”

Section: Mite Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF DICOFOL, FORMETANATE HCl, PROPARGITE, HEXYTHIAZOX, AND CLOFENTEZINE TO EUROPEAN RED MITE ON PEACH

1992

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The persistence of toxic effects of the contact acaricides dicofol, propargite, and formetanate HCl and the ovicides clofentezine and hexythiazox to the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), were tested by bioassays of disks cut from treated peach foliage. Effects of dicofol were more persistent than propargite or formetanate HCl to susceptible mites. Mortality on dicofol-treated foliage was >50% for more than 15 days. Propargite killed >50% of females for 10 days after application, whereas the toxicity of formetanate HCl deposits declined rapidly after 7 days. Mortality of dicofol-resistant mites was less than for susceptible mites. However, resistant mites were affected (>50% killed) by dicofol residues up to 7 days old. The toxic effects of the ovicides clofentezine and hexythiazox persisted for at least 30 days and at the rates tested were approximately equally toxic.Formetanate HCl and propargite residues were less persistent (half-life 8–9 days) than the other compounds. Dicofol residues had a half-life of about 15 days but approximately 10% of residues persisted for 65 days. Residues of clofentezine and hexythiazox declined more gradually (half-life = 15–20 days) than other compounds and persisted at approximately 10% of initial residues after 65 days.

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“…A study conducted by Gautam et al (2016) showed that artificial rainfalls reduced the efficiency of insecticides against the fly Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Pree et al (1984) found that 15-18 mm artificial rainfalls were sufficient to reduce the deposition of the insecticide phosmet on peach plants by 20-30%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

IMPACT OF RAINFALLS ON THE ACARICIDE PROPARGITE WITH AND WITHOUT ADDITION OF ADJUVANTS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE MITE Brevipalpus yothersi

2018

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Rainfalls may affect the efficiency of pesticides due to a decreased deposit of active ingredient on plants. This should be considered in spraying with acaricides, the main strategy used for the management of citrus leprosis, the main viral disease of the Brazilian citrus culture. Citrus leprosis disease is transmitted by Brevipalpus mites, mainly B. yothersi. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of artificial rains on the efficiency of the acaricide propargite in combination or not with adjuvants for the control of the mite B. yothersi. The experiment was conducted using orange plants grown in pots kept under greenhouse conditions. The acaricide propargite was evaluated isolated and with addition of the adjuvants polydimethylsiloxane (20mL cp/100 L of water) and a mixture of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) and propionic acid (500 mL cp/100 L of water). After the application of the acaricide with and without the adjuvants, the plants were subjected to a 10-mm artificial rainfall at different time intervals: 5 minutes, and 1 and 12 hours after application. Thereafter, B. yothersi mites were transferred to plants for survival evaluation. The artificial rainfall affected negatively the efficiency of propargite isolated and in mixture. The addition of the adjuvant phosphatidylcholine and propionic acid impaired the efficiency of propargite due to an increased runoff of the broth and a decrease in the deposit of active ingredients on plants. We conclude that the acaricide propargite should not be used in combination with the adjuvants polydimethylsiloxane and mixture of phosphatidylcholine and propionic acid in rainy conditions.

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Effects of Rainfall on Persistence of Phosmet Residues on Peach: Implications for Integrated Pest Management Programs1

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of simulated rainfall on the effectiveness of insecticides against spotted wing drosophila in blueberries

Effect of simulated rainfall on the effectiveness of insecticides against spotted wing drosophila in blueberries

RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF DICOFOL, FORMETANATE HCl, PROPARGITE, HEXYTHIAZOX, AND CLOFENTEZINE TO EUROPEAN RED MITE ON PEACH

IMPACT OF RAINFALLS ON THE ACARICIDE PROPARGITE WITH AND WITHOUT ADDITION OF ADJUVANTS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE MITE Brevipalpus yothersi

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