Effects of pyrimethanil fungicide on Chironomidae community structure

Abstract

The use of agrochemicals in agriculture may impact aquatic ecosystems, particularly infl uencing the stream insect communities. Among aquatic insects, the family Chironomidae is the most abundant and species-diverse insect group found in freshwater ecosystems. However, in the southern hemisphere, studies with Chironomidae are still sparse, compared to Europe and North America. The present study evaluates the responses of Chironomidae species (Insecta: Diptera) to pyrimethanil fungicide in a mesocosm experiment. Water contamination and chironomid community were monitored over 10 months. After fi ve months of monitoring, the pyrimethanil fungicide was completely degraded and there was a statistically signifi cant increase in the Margalef Richness and Shannon-Wiener Index (H') in the control units when compared with the contaminated mesocosms (p = 0.003). Our results point out that the utilization of agrochemicals can be a harmful factor infl uencing negatively the Chironomidae populations. This fi nding has key implications for insect conservation strategies and ecological management environments.

Preparation and properties of multifunctional phenoxyacetate-based ionic liquids and their application in citrus bacteriostatic preservation

“…Pyrimethanil exhibits a high antibacterial activity by inhibiting the synthesis and secretion of pathogenic hydrolase with systemic conduction and fumigation effects and has a fast degradation rate and a low residue level after use. 56,57 Propamocarb is a highly effective bactericide with local absorption, low toxicity, and low residue, and can be quickly decomposed by soil microorganisms. 58 To the best of our knowledge, all compounds obtained within the framework of this study are new compounds and have not been reported previously.…”