Effects of pyridine inhalation exposure on olfactory epithelium in mice

Buron, G.; Hacquemand, Romain; Pourié, Grégory; Jacquot, Laurence; Brand, Gérard

doi:10.1016/j.etp.2011.08.001

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Pyridine in known to cause mucus membrane damage and irritation of respiratory tract upon exposure [12] , [13] , [14] , in the present study after 10% pyridine application to the pharyngeal region various parameters were evaluated to confirm and quantify the extent of inflammation. It is well known that, inflammation is the response of the tissue to injury which is characterized by increased blood flow and vascular permeability along with accumulation of fluid (extravasation), leukocytes and inflammatory mediators such as cytokines [15] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Ameliorative effect of Koflet formulations against pyridine-induced pharyngitis in rats

Viswanatha¹,

Rafiq²,

Thippeswamy³

et al. 2014

Toxicology Reports

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In present study two formulations of Koflet (syrup and lozenges) were evaluated against pyridine-induced pharyngitis in rats. Topical application of 10% pyridine showed extravasation of Evans blue stain as a characteristic feature of on-going inflammation. In addition, the levels of TNF-α (p < 0.01) and IL-6 (p < 0.01) were significantly increased compared to control. Further, histopathology of the pharyngeal tissue showed submucosal gland hypertrophy, severe mucosal inflammation characterized by presence of mononuclear cells and neutrophils along with haemorrhages and congestion; however, saline applied animals (normal control) showed normal cytoarchitecture of the pharynx. Interestingly, pre-treatment with dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, p.o.), Koflet lozenges (KL) (500 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) and Koflet syrup (KS) (2 and 4 ml/kg, p.o.) for 7 days showed significant and dose dependent protection by decreasing the EB dye extravasation, and serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6. In addition, histopathological findings have further supported the protective effect of Koflet formulations. These findings suggest that, both Koflet syrup and Koflet lozenges are highly effective in treating non-infectious type of pharyngitis. Among the two formulations KS was found to be more potent than KL, and possible mechanism of action thought to be mediating through inhibition of TNF-α and/or phospholipids–arachidonic acid pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Acute exposure to pyridine can lead to headaches, dizziness, nausea, anorexia, dermatitis. While chronic exposure to pyridine results in health hazards such as CNS depression, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, genotoxicity and GI tract damage [12] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%