Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy on Rat Achilles Tendon Healing

Huegel, Julianne; Boorman-Padgett, James; Nuss, Courtney A.; Raja, Harina A.; Chan, P. S. H.; Kuntz, Andrew F.; Waldorff, Erik I.; Zhang, Nianli; Ryaby, James T.; Soslowsky, Louis J.

doi:10.1002/jor.24487

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Gait kinematics and kinetics of animals in both surgical groups were assessed as previously established. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]12,14,23,24,31,34 Gait of the animals in this study was assessed before the injury and before intervention, as well as 2, 4, and 6 weeks after intervention (n = 15 per group). Briefly, animals were allowed to freely walk across a walkway instrumented using two 6 degrees of freedom load cells (nano17; ATI Industrial Automation) while they were imaged ventrally (A601fc; Basler Vision Technologies).…”

Section: Gait Kinematics and Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Passive ankle joint mechanics of animals in both groups were assessed as previously established. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]12,14,23,24,32,34 Passive joint mechanics assessments were performed before the injury and before intervention, as well as 2, 4, and 6 weeks after intervention (n = 15 per group). Briefly, animals were anesthetized via isoflurane inhalation, and the injured ankle was secured to a custom device that allows for manual ankle flexion through full plantar-and dorsiflexion.…”

Section: Passive Ankle Joint Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the rat has been demonstrated to be useful as an Achilles tendon animal model for asking clinically relevant questions. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]12,14,23,24 Importantly, a reliable technique for creating an elongated tendon postrupture in the rat has been established as a model for chronic Achilles tendon ruptures in human patients. 12 The goal of this study was to define and compare the healing properties of the Achilles tendon after reconstruction for chronic injury with GFT or LSR, utilizing an animal model to carefully control the injury and treatment strategies, determine clinically relevant outcome measures of healing, and rigorously analyze healing tissue properties.…”

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Limited Scar Resection for Chronic Achilles Tendon Repair: Use of a Rat Model

et al. 2021

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Background: Achilles tendon rupture diagnosis is frequently missed, leading to the development of a chronic rupture that requires surgical intervention to remove scar tissue and return the elongated Achilles tendon to appropriate functional length. The limited scar resection (LSR) intervention strategy may provide an advantage over other techniques, as it is less invasive and nondestructive to other tissues, although there is little evidence comparing outcomes between intervention strategies. Hypothesis: The LSR technique would be a viable treatment option for chronic Achilles tendon ruptures and would perform comparably with a more clinically accepted procedure, the gastrocnemius fascial turndown (GFT), in postintervention functional outcome measures and tendon mechanical and histological properties. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Chronic Achilles tendon ruptures were induced in the right hindlimb of Sprague-Dawley rats by Achilles tendon transection without repair, immobilization in dorsiflexion, and 5 weeks of cage activity. Animals were randomly divided between the intervention strategy groups (LSR and GFT), received 1 week of immobilization in plantarflexion, and were sacrificed at 3 or 6 weeks postintervention. In vivo functional outcome measures (gait kinetics, passive joint function, tendon vascular perfusion) were quantified during healing, and tendon mechanical and histological properties were assessed postsacrifice. Results: When compared with the GFT, the LSR technique elicited a faster return to baseline in gait kinetics, although there were few differences between groups or with healing time in other functional outcome measures (passive joint function and vascular perfusion). Quasi-static mechanical properties were improved with healing in both surgical intervention groups, although only the LSR group showed an improvement in fatigue properties between 3 and 6 weeks postintervention. Histological properties were similar between intervention strategies, except for decreased cellularity in the LSR group at 6 weeks postintervention. Conclusion: The LSR technique is a viable surgical intervention strategy for a chronic Achilles tendon rupture in a rodent model, and it performs similarly, if not better, when directly compared with a more clinically accepted surgery, the GFT. Clinical Relevance: This study supports the increased clinical use of the LSR technique for treating chronic Achilles tendon rupture cases.

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Section: Gait Kinematics and Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Passive Ankle Joint Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Limited Scar Resection for Chronic Achilles Tendon Repair: Use of a Rat Model

et al. 2021

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“…Its role is essential for flexion of the ankle and knee and stabilization of the ankle. [1] The Achilles tendon is frequently injured, and open surgical repair is the first choice of treatment for acute full-thickness injury of the Achilles tendon, particularly in young adults. [2] After the open repair of an Achilles tendon's full-thickness rupture, there is a long recovery time and high rates of re-rupture, resulting in severe disability and long-term workforce loss.…”

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The effects of Tendoflex® (polytendon complex) and Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort oil) on repaired Achilles tendon healing in rats

et al. 2021

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Objectives This experimental study aims to examine the effects of Tendoflex® and Hypericum perforatum on tendon healing in rat models undergoing iatrogenic Achilles tendon rupture and similar surgical treatments. Materials and methods Eighty Wistar albino rats weighing 250 to 350 g were randomly divided into four groups. Group A: Tendoflex® was administered orally as 1 capsule/2.5 kg daily by gavage. Group B: Hypericum perforatum was administered orally as 300 mg/kg daily by gavage. Group C: Tendoflex® and Hypericum perforatum were co-administered orally by gavage at the prespecified doses. Group D: No medication was given to the control group. Five rats from each group were sacrificed weekly, and the tissue samples were examined histologically, followed by the biomechanical tests of the Achilles tendon. Results In the mechanical testing, pulling forces were superior in all intervention groups and in all weeks over the control group. In particular, in the early periods (Weeks 1, 2, and 3), the mixed group showed the most favorable results, followed by the Hypericum perforatum group (p=0.010, p=0.591, and p=0.130, respectively). The most favorable collagen type I and type III expression values were found in the mixed and Hypericum perforatum groups at Weeks 2 and 3, respectively (p=0.025 and p=0.018). In the immunohistochemical and Western Blot examinations, extreme collagen type I and type III expression were detected in the mixed and Hypericum perforatum groups at Weeks 2, 3, and 4. Conclusion Tensile strength of the Achilles tendon increased by using Hypericum perforatum and Tendoflex® following rupture and repair of the Achilles tendon in rats. The combined use of these two agents yielded the most favorable mechanical and histological results, particularly in the early period. This result may be related to the higher level of collagen type I and type III immunity in all groups, compared to the control group.

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“…Reviews cover the state of our understanding of normal and diabetic tendon healing and the role of the extracellular matrix in tendon development and homeostatis . A series of original research papers delves into tendon pathogenesis and healing, focusing on a broad range of topics: the effect of age and fatigue on tendon biomechanics, transcriptomics analysis of tendon healing, and treatment strategies that include hyaluronidase, pulsed electromagnetic fields, and parathyroid hormone . A collection of stem cell papers describes methods to generate and optimize stem cells and uses them to enhance tendon healing .…”

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confidence: 99%