Effects of provocation on emotions and aggression in males

Chermack, Stephen T.; Berman, Mitchell E.; Taylor, Stuart P.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2337(1997)23:1<1::aid-ab1>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As expected, there was a greater increase in punishment level from B2 to B3, than from B1 to B2, indicating higher provocation level in the current sample, possibly due to participants being provoked by greater noise levels received from their virtual opponents [8]. Therefore, the difference in punishment assignment from B2 to B3 was calculated and used as an indicator of aggressive behavior in the current study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Individual components in the I 3 theory have indeed been found to be associated with aggressive behavior in previous research. For example, instigating triggers, such as provocation [ 8 ], social rejection [ 9 ], and unpleasant temperature [ 10 ], have been found to be related to higher incidents of aggressive behavior and increased aggression. Impelling force such as high impulsivity [ 11 , 12 ] and trait aggressiveness [ 13 ] were also found to predict aggressive behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of aggressive behavior: Interactive effects of emotional regulation and inhibitory control

Hsieh

Chen

2017

PLoS ONE

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Aggressive behavior can be defined as any behavior intended to hurt another person, and it is associated with many individual and social factors. This study examined the relationship between emotional regulation and inhibitory control in predicting aggressive behavior. Seventy-eight participants (40 males) completed self-report measures (Negative Mood Regulation Scale and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire), a stop signal task, and engaged in a modified version of Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) exercise, in which the outcome was used as a measure of direct physical aggression. We used a hierarchical, mixed-model multiple regression analysis test to examine the effects of emotion regulation and inhibitory control on physical reactive aggression. Results indicated an interaction between emotion regulation and inhibitory control on aggression. For participants with low inhibitory control only, there was a significant difference between high and low emotion regulation on aggression, such that low emotion regulation participants registered higher aggression than high emotion regulation participants. This difference was not found among participants with high inhibitory control. These results have implications for refining and targeting training and rehabilitation programs aimed at reducing aggressive behavior.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of aggressive behavior: Interactive effects of emotional regulation and inhibitory control

Hsieh

Chen

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…The association between perceived threat and aggression is worthwhile to consider. In contrast to control-override, threat or actual provocation is one of the most replicated antecedents of aggression (Bettencourt et al, 2006; Chermack et al, 1997). The underlying biologic correlates of response to threat have long been of interest to researchers, and recent research has demonstrated that response to threat may be under neurobiologic control (Berman et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived threat mediates the relationship between psychosis proneness and aggressive behavior

Fanning

Berman

Mohn

et al. 2011

Psychiatry Research

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Psychotic symptoms are associated with aggressive tendencies, but this relationship is both complex and imperfect. In contrast to psychotic disorders, little is known about aggressive behavior and sub-clinical psychotic symptoms (e.g., “psychosis proneness”), which are relatively common in the general population. Threat/control-override (TCO), which is the propensity to overestimate the likelihood that an outside agent will (1) inflict harm (threat) or (2) control one’s behaviors (control-override), has been associated with aggression in both psychiatric and community samples. The purpose of this study was to determine if psychosis proneness is related to aggression, and if one or both aspects of TCO mediate this relationship. We hypothesized that the propensity to overestimate threat would mediate this relationship, but control-override would not. Sixty men and sixty women (mean age = 20.00 years, sd = 3.00) with no history of psychotic disorder completed measures assessing psychosis proneness, threat control/override, aggressive history, aggressive ideation, and aggressive behavior. Three structural equation models were tested: (1) Threat and control-override modeled as separate mediating variables, (2) TCO as a unitary mediating latent construct, and (3) TCO considered as part of a psychosis-proneness latent variable. Results indicated that psychosis proneness is positively related to aggression and that the best model fit was obtained when threat and control-override were modeled as separate variables, with mediation through threat alone. The utility of TCO for explaining the relation between psychosis spectrum symptoms and aggression is discussed.

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“…This finding that aggressive responding increases in response to increased provocation is consistent with previous research employing the two-option [Cherek and Dougherty, 1997] and three-option [Cherek et al, 1991] PSAP, as well as many studies using other laboratory measures of aggression [Chermack et al, 1997;Richardson et al, 1979;Shortell et al, 1970], and in fact is one of the most replicated findings in aggression research [Anderson and Bushman, 1997]. Not surprisingly, as the number of aggressive responses increased, the number of point acquisition responses decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Providing an escape option reduces retaliatory aggression

2005

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The purpose of this study was to examine whether providing an explicit means to escape future attacks by a provocative fictitious participant reduces retaliatory aggression. Using a laboratory measure of aggression (the Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm), 25 participants were given the opportunity to earn points with monetary value on a fixed ratio (FR) 100 schedule, and to subtract points from a fictitious participant on an FR 10 schedule. Aggressive responding was defined as the number of point subtraction responses by the participant. Aggressive responding also produced intervals free from further attack by the fictitious participant. Provocation was manipulated by having the fictitious person subtract points from the participant. Each participant next completed the same task with an explicit FR 10 escape response option added. The escape option produced intervals free from attack identical to the aggressive option, but without taking points away from the fictitious participant. Results indicate that the availability of an escape response attenuated aggressive behavior in response to provocation.

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Effects of provocation on emotions and aggression in males

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Determinants of aggressive behavior: Interactive effects of emotional regulation and inhibitory control

Determinants of aggressive behavior: Interactive effects of emotional regulation and inhibitory control

Perceived threat mediates the relationship between psychosis proneness and aggressive behavior

Providing an escape option reduces retaliatory aggression

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