Effects of prostaglandin F2α analogues on endothelin-1-induced impairment of rabbit ocular blood flow: Comparison among tafluprost, travoprost, and latanoprost

Effects of Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitors Y-27632 and Y-39983 on isolated rabbit ciliary arteries

“…These findings are consistent with other reports that show that Rho-kinase inhibitors relax various smooth muscles, such as vascular smooth muscle of the heart [17], brain [18], bronchial tubes [19], urinary bladder [20], and cavernous bodies [21]. We confirmed that topical tafluprost increases ocular blood flow in vivo, and 3-10 lM of this drug is needed before the effect on ciliary arteries in vitro is seen [5]. Therefore, Y-39983 seems to have potency to cause vascular relaxation.…”

“…Various antiglaucoma agents that lower IOP also affect ocular circulation. Antiglaucoma agents such as betaxolol [3], levobunolol [3], nipradilol [4], and prostaglandin (PG)-related compounds [5] have been reported to increase ocular blood flow in vivo. However, the underlying pharmacological mechanism is unclear.…”

Effects of prostaglandin analogs on blood flow velocity and resistance in the ophthalmic artery of rabbits

“…Few studies have evaluated the effect of tafluprost on ocular circulation. In the present study, a significant decrease was found in the RI of the OA of rabbits, and similar results have also been found in the optic nerve and retinal circulation in rabbits, cats, and humans (27,29,30) . In the present study, both eyes were analyzed, but the eye drops were instilled in only one of the eyes.…”

“…Interestingly, formulation of this drug with two different preservatives showed disparate results, and more studies are needed to confirm the effect of this drug on RI. Other research groups have shown that travoprost is effective for improving blood flow, as found in the present study with travoprost BAK (25)(26)(27) . Further, in the present research, travoprost with BAK as a preservative significantly decreased RI, while travoprost with POLYQUAD did not; therefore, the preservative BAK may have some effect in this instance.…”

A Vascular Approach to Glaucoma

“…However, there are some reports claiming that patients under prostaglandin analogues have an improvement in OBF, specifically at the level of the ONH (Ishii, 2001). Endothelin-1-induced vasoconstriction was successfully prevented in vivo by PA, most likely by blocking ET-1-induced capacitative calcium entry (Kurashima, 2010). Of the alpha-2 agonists used in clinical practice, the only one with relevance for chronic IOPlowering treatment in glaucoma is brimonidine.…”