Effects of prolonged alcohol exposure on somatotrophs and corticotrophs in adult rats: Stereological and hormonal study

Lipotoxicity suppresses the synthesis of growth hormone in pituitary somatotrophs via endoplasmic reticulum stress

“…Growth hormone is a kind of pleiotropic polypeptide that is synthesized and secreted by anterior pituitary somatotrophs, and its physiological function is to promote anabolic metabolism and growth 7 . Circulating GH level is mainly regulated by the coordinated control of two hypothalamic neuropeptides, GH‐releasing hormone (GHRH), which stimulates GH release, and somatostatin (SS), which has an inhibitory action 8 . Many physiological and pathological factors, including sex, age, body weight, and nutritional status, can significantly alter the secretion pattern of GH, which can then in turn influence its biological effects 9,10 .…”

“…7 Circulating GH level is mainly regulated by the coordinated control of two hypothalamic neuropeptides, GH-releasing hormone (GHRH), which stimulates GH release, and somatostatin (SS), which has an inhibitory action. 8 Many physiological and pathological factors, including sex, age, body weight, and nutritional status, can significantly alter the secretion pattern of GH, which can then in turn influence its biological effects. 9,10 Pit-1, also called GHF-1 or POU1F1, is a pituitary-specific transcription factor of GH that plays a major role in both GH activation and pituitary development.…”