Effects of Prolactin, Growth Hormone and ACTH, Alone and in Combination, Upon Organ Weights and Adrenal Function in Normal Rats

Bates, Roderick W.; Milković, S.; Garrison, Mary M.

doi:10.1210/endo-74-5-714

Cited by 87 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Short feedback control of secretion has been well known for ACTH (Kitay et al, 1959;Sussman et al, 1964;Betes et al, 1964;Sakuma & Knobil, 1970;Kobayashi & Kato, 1968;Torok, 1964) and HGH (Sussman et al, 1964;Betes et al, 1964;Sakuma & Knobil, 1970;Kobayashi & Kato, 1968;Torok, 1964). A few in vitro and in vitro experiments have been conducted in an attempt to solve this problem in insulin secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Prior Infusion of Exogenous Bonito Insulin on Glucose-Induced Insulin Release in Man

1973

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SynopsisIn order to investigate a possible short feedback mechanism of insulin secretion, the effect of prior infusion of bonito insulin upon glucose-induced insulin secretion in man was studied. The increase in plasma insulin after intravenous injection of a glucose solution was analysed under prior sustaining infusion of bonito insulin at the concentration of 12mU/0.5ml/min and 6mU/0.5ml/min.These concentrations of bonito insulin were shown to have had no effect on the blood sugar levels, nor on the basal insulin levels. After the prior eight hour infusion of exogenous insulin, the increase in glucoseinduced insulin secretion was significantly smaller than that produced after infusion of saline as a control. The magnitude of the inhibition in plasma insulin elevation was more remarkable at the higher dose of insulin. The level of blood sugar after glucose injection shown no significant change.The half-life of immunoreactive insulin in plasma was determined after prior infusion of bonito insulin or saline for three hours. There was not tendency to any difference in T 1/2 between saline treated subjects and subjects who had received the rapid injection of porcine insulin prior to the infusion of bonito insulin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Prior Infusion of Exogenous Bonito Insulin on Glucose-Induced Insulin Release in Man

1973

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“…The corticosteroid and thyroid hormones, however, potentiate the effects of prolactin and growth hormone in stimulating the regrowth of the intestinal tract after hypophysectomy (Bates, Miller & Garrison, 1962). While growth hormone and prolactin exert powerful effects in restoring the growth of the stomach and alimentary tract after hypophysectomy, both these hormones exert only modest effects in intact animals even when administered at very high dose levels (Bates et al 1962;Bates, Milkovic & Garrison, 1964;Crean, 1965; G. P. Crean, R. D. E. Rumsey & S. Wheeler, unpublished observations). However, the possibility that the maternal hormones are in some way responsible for the effect cannot be excluded on the evidence available, since the effect could be due not to any single hormone but rather to the interaction of several hormones coming into play in critical combinations or at critical time intervals during the course of pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa during pregnancy and lactation in the rat

Crean¹,

Rumsey²

1971

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The growth of the gastric mucosa during pregnancy and afterwards has been studied by comparing the stomachs of rats, killed at weekly intervals after impregnation, with the stomachs of virgin rats of the same age and starting weight. The rate of growth of the gastric mucosa in both groups was determined from the changes observed in the weight of the whole stomach, the weight and surface area of the fundus, the volume (mass) of the fundic mucosa and the total parietal and total peptic cell populations.2. Hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa occurred during pregnancy and lactation, the effect being characterized by increases in the surface area and volume (mass) of the gastric mucosa, and in the total parietal and total peptic cell populations.3. The data suggest that the effect developed shortly after conception. Hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa continued throughout pregnancy and reached maximal values after the second week of lactation and waned thereafter; the maximal changes obtained for individual observations such as surface area and the total parietal and total peptic cell populations represented increases of the order of 40 % above corresponding control values.4. From the observations that were made on food intake it seemed unlikely that the hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa was due to hyperphagia. It also seemed unlikely that the effect could be accounted for by the increase that occurred in body weight during pregnancy.

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“…The tumor was allowed to grow for 49 days, and the animals were 65 days old when determinations were made. 2 Expressed as ,umoles of hexobarbital metabolized or ,amoles of formaldehyde formed from aminopyrine per gram liver ^standard error of the mean. 3 Significance (p <0.05), compared with nonphenobarbital-pretreated animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding suggested that nonhormonal factors which may be common to most tumors did not mediate this change. Although other factors present in MtT may have been responsible for the decrease in activity of HMDM, it must be noted that BATES et al [2] were able to simulate some of the effects of this tumor on rat organ weight by administration of somatotropin, corticotropin, and prolactin. Preliminary studies in this laboratory indicate that the hepatic metabolism of hexobarbital and the formation of formaldehyde from aminopyrine were decreased in mature male rats that received bovine somatotropin, corticotropin, and ovine prolactin as compared with animals that received bovine serum albumin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of the Normal Postnatal Increase in Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Activity in Rat Liver by a Pituitary Tumor

Wilson

1968

Pediatr Res

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A transplan table pituitary mammotropic tumor (MtT) was grown in male rats of various ages to serve as a source of somatotropin (growth hormone), corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone, AGTH) and prolactin. The development of the microsomal enzyme system that oxidizes hexobarbital, demethylates aminopyrine to form formaldehyde, and produces p-aminobenzoic acid by the reduction of p-nitrobenzoic acid was studied in liver from control and tumor-bearing rats.In control rats, adult levels of drug metabolism were found at 46 days of age for p-nitrobenzoic acid and at about 60 days of age for hexobarbital and aminopyrine ( fig. 1). In MtT-bearing rats, however, the normal postnatal increase in the liver enzyme system which metabolizes hexobarbital, aminopyrine, and p-nitrobenzoic acid did not occur.Since phenobarbital pretreatment of young control rats produced an increase in hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme activity, young rats with the MtT were injected with phenobarbital. Growth of the MtT in young rats did not prevent an increase in the liver metabolism of hexobarbital or the production of formaldehyde from aminopyrine normally found to follow phenobarbital treatment (table II). Thus, while endogenous pituitary tumor somatotropin, corticotropin and prolactin may have prevented the normal maturation of the liver drug-metabolism enzyme system, enhancement of this enzyme system occurred after phenobarbital pretreatment of MtT-bearing young rats. SpeculationThe decreased activity of microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes in liver from young rats with high levels of somatotropin, corticotropin and prolactin in blood, compared with that from control animals, suggests that these pituitary hormones, singularly or in combination, may affect the activity as well as the postnatal development of this enzyme system in the rat. A relation between blood levels of these hormones and liver drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in young animals of various species may exist. A possible interrelation between liver drug-metabolizing enzyme activity and high blood levels of somatotropin in newborn infants may also exist.

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Effects of Prolactin, Growth Hormone and ACTH, Alone and in Combination, Upon Organ Weights and Adrenal Function in Normal Rats

Cited by 87 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of Prior Infusion of Exogenous Bonito Insulin on Glucose-Induced Insulin Release in Man

Effect of Prior Infusion of Exogenous Bonito Insulin on Glucose-Induced Insulin Release in Man

Hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa during pregnancy and lactation in the rat

Prevention of the Normal Postnatal Increase in Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Activity in Rat Liver by a Pituitary Tumor

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