Effects of probiotic bacterium Weissella cibaria CMU on periodontal health and microbiota: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Weissella cibaria CMU (oraCMU) has been commercially available in the market for several years as oral care probiotics. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of oraCMU-containing tablets on periodontal health and oral microbiota. Methods: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 92 adults without periodontitis (20-39 years of age). All subjects received dental scaling and root planing, and were randomly assigned to either probiotic or placebo groups. The tablets were administered once daily for 8 weeks. Periodontal clinical parameters included bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI). In addition, microbiota in the gingival sulcus were analysed. Results: BOP improved more in the probiotic group over 8 weeks. There were statistically significant differences in BOP of the maxilla buccal and lingual sites between the groups during the intervention (P < 0.05). No significant inter-group differences in PD, GI, and PI were observed during the intervention. Oral bacteria were observed to be fewer in the probiotic group. There was a significant change in levels of Fusobacterium nucleatum at four and 8 weeks between the two groups. Besides, there were significant differences at 8 weeks in levels of Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions: We reported an improvement in BOP and microbial environment and demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of oraCMU against F. nucleatum. Thus, its supplementation may contribute to overall oral health. Trial registration: Ethical issues approved by the Kangwon National University Institutional Review Board with a number of KWNUIRB-2018-05-003-005 and CRIS code Number of KCT0005078 were retrospectively registered on 06/02/2020. This study was conducted in the period of July to November 2018.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Acidogenic Potential of Dental Biofilms through a Tablet Containing Weissella cibaria CMU

“…In this study, Cariview, which can evaluate the acidogenic potential of all microorganisms in the dental plaque, was used to evaluate the caries risk level, and not to measure the number of microorganisms that cause dental caries itself. Although there was no significant difference between the groups, the statistical decrease in the Cariview score was consistent with the previously reported microbial reduction pattern [ 19 ].…”

“…Based on the ecological plaque hypothesis, it is known that the composition of the microbiota in the dental plaque may change depending on environmental factors, and the risk of caries may also change accordingly [ 25 , 26 ]. Previously, this research team evaluated and reported 16 kinds of periodontal bacteria, including dental caries bacteria, in the four sites of gingival fissures of two maxillary teeth and two mandibular teeth, which had less than 4 mm of periodontal pocket in the W. cibaria CMU study group and the placebo control group [ 19 ]. In this study, the groups of Streptococcus and Actinomyces viscosus were statistically significantly higher in the experimental group before tablet intake but showed a statistically significant decrease in the experimental group after 4 weeks of intake.…”

“…According to Kang et al [ 19 ], W. cibaria CMU-containing tablets have antimicrobial activity in the oral cavity, as they can selectively control various harmful bacteria that cause periodontal disease, and thus, play an effective role in gum health and show excellence in promoting overall oral health. In addition, according to a study by Lee et al [ 20 ], W. cibaria CMU is a safe and useful oral care product for controlling bad breath.…”

Clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis

“…This study discusses that in non-surgical treatment methods, the adjuvant use of probiotics can compete with pathogenic bacteria for the combination of epithelial cells to form antibacterial compounds, and then combine antibiotic therapy to make treatment effect is better than pure SRP. [ 9 , 13 , 17 ] To date, no prior systematic review has been performed to evaluate the clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis. We therefore perform the present study and provide a comprehensive assessment of the clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis.…”

“…Probiotics are a kind of beneficial active microorganisms that can prevent pathogen adhesion, inhibit bacterial growth, regulate mucosal immune system or cell proliferation, and promote the formation of new oral biofilms. [ 7 – 9 ] In the medical field, probiotics have gradually been used to treat inflammatory bowel disease, respiratory infections, etc. [ 10 , 11 ] In the field of oral cavity, studies have shown that probiotics have a potential therapeutic effect on oral pathogens, especially for children and adolescents dental caries.…”