Effects of prescribed fire on moist-soil vegetation and soil macronutrients

Laubhan, Murray K.

doi:10.1007/bf03160669

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Playa soils have a pH lower than expected for a freshwater wetland with a mineral soil (-> 7) (Mitsch and Gosselink 1993)• Also, our pH values were slightly lower than those reported by Allen et al (1972) for other playas (6.~6.5) but similar to moist-soil impoundments in Missouri (5.4-5.5;Laubhan 1995). Therefore, generalization of pH effects on soil chemistry to playas is unwarranted, and further investigation into the influence of pH on soil-plant relationships is necessary.…”

Section: Soil Physical-chemical Variablescontrasting

confidence: 53%

Effects of moist-soil management on playa wetland soils

Haukos

Smith

1996

Wetlands

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We evaluated effects of moist-soil management on soils of eight playa wetlands for 2 years.Moist-soil management involves timed drawdown and irrigation of wetlands to promote germination, growth, and seed production of mudflat annuals for use by wintering waterfowl. Moist-soil management reduced soil resistance for germination (P = 0.02), raised pH closer to neutrality (P = 0.002), but had no effect on soil moisture in the top 4 em of soil (P = 0.16; influence on soil moisture in the root zone is unknown) or on salinity measured as conductivity (P = 0.51). Moist-soil management did not affect nitrogen and phosphorus levels in playa soils over 2 seasons (P = 0.61). As a percentage of available nutrients, more soil nitrogen was lost during the wetter year compared to the dryer year (P -0.02)--a trend that was reversed for soil phosphorus (P -0.004). More nitrogen was lost in the wetter year (P = 0.02); whereas, more phosphorus was lost in the dryer year (P = 0.004). This indicates potential changes in limiting nutrients depending upon local precipitation events. Apparently, nutrient cycling is rapid in playas, producing large amounts of biomass despite having lower soil nutrient pools compared to other inland freshwater wetlands. Moist-soil management is a sustainable and compatible practice for playa wetlands because it enhances naturally occurring events.

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Section: Soil Physical-chemical Variablescontrasting

confidence: 53%

Effects of moist-soil management on playa wetland soils

Haukos

Smith

1996

Wetlands

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“…In their study on tropical soils, Ketterings and Bigham (2000) observed that the content of exchangeable cations and C and N had decreased to pre-burn levels in just a few weeks to a few months. Laubhan (1995) proved lack of differences in soil structure and macronutrients content between burnt and unburnt soils as soon as a few months after fi re. On the other hand, according to Dikici and Yilmaz (2006) the effects of fi re on particular soil properties (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such fi res can be used as a management tool for the removal of shrubs, enhancement of biodiversity or for protection of rare plant species (Middleton et al 2006, Kimura andTsuyuzaki 2011). Surface fi res have usually short-term, minor infl uence on the soil chemical features, especially in comparison to smoldering fi res (Laubhan 1995, Smith et al 2001, which can last up to a few months and result in burning out of the muck surface layer of peat deposit (Kania et al 2006, Watts andKobziar 2013). The temperatures recorded during a smoldering fi re are lower than during a typical fl ame combustion and range from 300 to 600°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term fire effects of the drained open fen on organic soils

Sulwiński

Mętrak

Suska‐Malawska

2017

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Keywords: wetland fi re, peat fi re, fen, wildfi re. Abstract:Fire has considerable impact on vegetation and organic soils properties. As we observed that the differences between vegetation of burnt and unburnt areas on the rich fen are visible 11 years after the fi re, we assumed that the post-fi re changes are long lasting, yet limited exclusively to the burnt areas. In order to check this hypothesis we studied spatial differentiation of physical and chemical properties of soils, and productivity capacities of burnt and unburnt areas in the fen in Biebrza National Park. We took soil samples from the neighboring burnt and unburnt areas, from the depth of 0-30 cm and 30-50 cm. We analyzed 21 parameters of the soils including: pH, ash content, moisture, bulk density, exchangeable K, Na, Ca, available P, N-NH 4 + , N-NO 3 -, total N, C, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, P; and calculated C:N, C:P ratios. Surface layer of the burnt soils differed signifi cantly from the unburnt soils in respect of 17 out of 21 parameters. The most pronounced difference was observed for available phosphorous (on average 6 times higher for the burnt soils). The differences in the deeper layer were mostly insignifi cant. The burnt areas were also characterized by twofold higher plant productivity than recorded for the unburnt areas. The infl uence of fi re on peaty soils was long lasting but mostly limited to the surface layer of the soils. In the case of particular soil features, the post-fi re differences were modifi ed by advanced muck formation (moorshing) processes in the unburnt areas. Since the fi re led to long lasting increase of fertility, the recovery of fen vegetation is unlikely.Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/11/18 2:35 PM 12 M. Sulwiński, M. Mętrak, M. Suska-Malawska of burnt soils. The duration of these changes depends on i.e. the amount and chemical composition of ashes. Elements released from peat and plant biomass during the fi re may be lost via volatilization (e.g. C, N, S) or with ashes transported with smoke by convection forces. After the fi re, remaining ashes can be removed by wind, water runoff, leaching downward soil profi le or by plant uptake. They may be also transformed into insoluble compounds or remain in exchangeable form (Neary et al. 1999, Certini 2005, Dikici and Yilmaz 2006, Qian et al. 2009a, Qian et al. 2009b.To the typical post-fi re changes of soils we may include: increase in pH, decrease in total amounts of nitrogen and carbon, and higher availability of P, K, Ca and Mg. The ranges of these alterations differ, depending on the type of soil and the fi re intensity (Neary et al. 1999, Marcos et al. 2007, Certini 2005, Ketterings and Bigham 2000, Arocena and Opio 2003, Dikici and Yilmaz 2006. Though the effects of fi re on mineral soils are well examined, there is not enough information on its infl uences on physical and chemical properties, especially long-term ones, of peaty soils (Dikici and Yilmaz 2006, Wang et al. 2015). Hence, we present a study carried out in the area of a burnt-out fen, 11 years a...

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“…These methods are used to reduce dense stands of vegetation to create hemi-marsh conditions, to promote plant species that provide seeds eaten by waterfowl, and to remobilize nutrients held in dead standing vegetation (Ward 1968, Hackney and de la Cruz 1981, Diiro 1982, Herndon et al 1991, Laubhan 1995. Burning can destroy dormant mosquito eggs in dry wetland sediments (Wallace et al 1990, Whittle et al 1993, and mosquito densities in wetlands are lower in areas where emergent plants were burned or mowed than in unmanipulated areas Resh 1992a, de Szalay et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of wetland invertebrates and plants important in waterfowl diets to burning and mowing of emergent vegetation

Szalay

Resh

1997

Wetlands

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We examined the responses of invertebrates and plants important in waterfowl diets to two management methods (prescribed burning and mowing) commonly used in seasonal wetlands. Experimental plots were constructed in summer 1992 in stands of saltgrass (Distichlis spicata); 50% of the vegetation was removed in treatment areas (10 m x 10 m) by either burning or mowing. After the plots were flooded, we sampled aquatic invertebrates monthly from we sampled plants that grew in areas that had been burned or mowed. Burning and mowing treatments had very different results. Many numerically dominant macroinvertebrates and microinvertebrates had higher densities in burned treatment areas than in unmanipulated control areas, but densities of most taxa were not different in mowed treatment areas and control areas. Copepod densities were lower in burned treatment areas and oligochaete densities were lower in mowed treatment areas than in control areas. Midge (Diptera: Chironornidae) biomass was higher in burned and mowed treatment areas than in control areas. Plant species richness and percent cover of some plant taxa were higher in burned areas than in control areas. Many of the invertebrates and plants we sampled are important in waterfowl diets, and our results indicate that these methods can enhance waterfowl food resources.

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Effects of prescribed fire on moist-soil vegetation and soil macronutrients

Cited by 23 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of moist-soil management on playa wetland soils

Effects of moist-soil management on playa wetland soils

Long-term fire effects of the drained open fen on organic soils

Responses of wetland invertebrates and plants important in waterfowl diets to burning and mowing of emergent vegetation

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