Effects of Prepartum Dry Matter Intake and Forage Percentage on Postpartum Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows

Holcomb, Chris; Horn, H.H. Van; Head, H. H.; Hall, Mary Beth; Wilcox, C.J.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(01)74649-8

Cited by 97 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…I). Furthermore, in those experiments where the average level of dry period intake has been successfully increased, there is still a subsequent dip in intake in the days immediately prior to calving which is often more pronounced for the high energy fed cows such that at calving their intake is the same as that of lower energy fed controls [55,57]. This strongly suggests that the dip in intake, and the concomitant body mobilisation, is not due to poor feeding management.…”

Section: Strategies To Decrease Body Mobilisationmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…A summary of the reported effects of high starch feeding on NEFA concentrations in blood and liver is shown in Table I. Some studies with high starch prepartum feeds have found lower levels of NEFA in blood after calving when compared to low starch controls [57,70,81]. Others have found no effect [22,105,115].…”

Section: Strategies To Decrease Body Mobilisationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As shown in Table I, there have been a number of studies that have investigated this dry cow feeding strategy [e.g. 22,50,57,70,81,93,115]. These studies all report a positive effect on dry period energy intakes of increasing the energy density of the ration (Tab.…”

Section: Strategies To Decrease Body Mobilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Priming the dairy cow for lactation: a review of dry cow feeding strategies

Friggens¹,

Andersen²,

Larsen³

et al. 2004

Anim. Res.

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-This paper reviews important aspects of dry cow feeding with emphasis placed on the preparation of the cow for the subsequent lactation. A number of feeding strategies, which have been proposed in recent years, are examined, alongside considerations of the effects of dry period length, levels of body reserves at calving and parity. A number of studies have reported the effect of varying the length of the dry period (in the range 0 to 70 days) on subsequent production and health. An 8 week dry period seems optimal though this should be adjusted to allow for the body condition score of cows at drying off. Avoiding extremes of body condition score at calving is desirable, so condition should be monitored throughout the lactation cycle. Attempting to achieve large changes in body reserves in the dry period has been associated with increased problems postpartum. The feeding strategies that are reviewed are strategies to decrease body mobilisation, prime for body mobilisation, prime the rumen for increased intake, prime for milk protein production and prime for calcium mobilisation and absorption. These strategies are also evaluated relative to their biological basis and reported physiological effects. Feeding high starch feeds in the latter part of the dry period was found not to provide clear benefits in terms of decreasing early lactation body mobilisation or increasing early lactation intake. Strategies aimed at priming the cow for the increased mobilisation of body lipid and body calcium that occurs in early lactation appear more favourable both from the point of view of making biological sense and from the available results reviewed. dry period / feeding / body condition score / dairy cattle / health Résumé -Préparation des vaches laitières à la lactation : bilan des stratégies d'alimentation des vaches taries. Cet article passe en revue les aspects importants de l'alimentation des vaches taries en mettant l'accent sur la préparation de la vache à la lactation suivante. Plusieurs stratégies d'alimentation proposées au cours des dernières années sont examinées, dans le même temps que des considérations portant sur les effets de la durée de la période sèche, du niveau des réserves corporelles au vêlage et du rang de lactation. Un certain nombre d'études ont montré que le fait de * Corresponding author: n.friggens@agrsci.dk 454 N.C. Friggens et al.faire varier la durée de la période sèche (dans une plage de 0 à 70 jours) avait un effet sur la production et la santé lors de la lactation suivante. Une période sèche de 8 semaines semble optimale, quoiqu'elle doive être ajustée en tenant compte de la note d'état corporel des vaches au moment du tarissement. Il est préférable d'éviter des notes extrêmes au vêlage ; l'état corporel devrait donc être surveillé tout au long du cycle de lactation. Les tentatives de vouloir effectuer de grandes modifications du niveau des réserves corporelles pendant la période sèche ont été associées à une augmentation des problèmes postpartum. Les stratégies d'alimentation exposé...

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Section: Strategies To Decrease Body Mobilisationmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Strategies To Decrease Body Mobilisationmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Priming the dairy cow for lactation: a review of dry cow feeding strategies

Friggens¹,

Andersen²,

Larsen³

et al. 2004

Anim. Res.

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show abstract

“…These two feeding strategies have been compared in a number of experiments but have often failed to show significant effects on metabolic indicators of fat and liver -E-mail: nicolas.friggens@agroparistech.dk metabolism post-calving. Offering a high-energy-density diet (H) in the dry period has, in some studies, increased non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) post-calving, compared to a low-energy-density diet (L) (Rukkwamsuk et al, 1998;Holtenius et al, 2003), but most studies have found no effect (Minor et al, 1998;Tesfa et al, 1999;Holcomb et al, 2001;Doepel et al, 2002;Rabelo et al, 2005;Dann et al, 2006). Different results have also been reported for liver lipid/triacylglycerol (TAG) where one study has shown a decreased content post-calving for cows offered an H diet in the dry period compared to an L diet (Doepel et al, 2002), others the opposite (Rukkwamsuk et al, 1998;Douglas et al, 2006), whereas others again have found no effect (Grum et al, 1996;Tesfa et al, 1999;Rabelo et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy intake in late gestation affects blood metabolites in early lactation independently of milk production in dairy cows

Nielsen

Hameleers²,

Young

et al. 2010

Animal

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The present experiment examined the effect of offering either a high-(H) or low-(L) energy-density diet in late gestation and early lactation on physiological parameters, body condition score (BCS) and milk production in early lactation. In all, 40 multiparous Holstein cows were randomly allocated to one of four treatments in a 2 3 2 factorial design, where the factors were H-or L-energy density in a total mixed ration (TMR) both pre-and post-calving. Consequently, there were four treatment groups: HH, HL, LL and LH. The pre-calving treatment was initiated 100 days prior to expected calving; the H TMR was fed ad libitum whereas the L TMR was restricted to 10 kg dry matter/day during late lactation, and to approximately 75% of energy requirements from drying off until calving. Both diets were offered ad libitum post-calving. Feeding diet H compared to L precalving led to higher BCS at calving (2.68 v. 2.34, P , 0.01). Energy corrected milk yield and energy-intake post-calving were not affected by pre-calving diets. Changes in BCS and blood concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and glucose in early lactation showed that cows offered diet H pre-calving generally mobilised more body reserves compared to cows offered diet L pre-calving. An interaction between pre-and post-calving diets showed that cows offered diet H pre-calving had lower body tissue mobilisation when offered diet H post-calving compared to diet L. Cows offered diet L pre-calving, did not mobilise differently whether they were offered diet H or L post-calving. The pre-and post-calving diets had no effect on liver triacylglycerol, whereas liver glycogen was higher in cows on treatment HH compared to the other three treatments. Collectively, these results indicate that overfeeding should be avoided in late gestation and that a high-energy-density diet is desirable in early lactation in order to obtain a more favourable metabolic profile.

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“…Roche (2007) suggested that discrepancies in milk production responses may relate to differences in the level of feeding adopted after calving, but his data showed interaction effects between pre-and post-partum feeding level only for blood analysis and not for milk production. Several studies have reported increased milk fat concentration in responses to additional pre-partum energy (Lodge et al, 1975;Holcomb et al, 2001;McNamara et al, 2003a), though others did not (Garnsworthy and Topps, 1982;Dewhurst et al, 2000b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of silage digestibility on intake and body reserves of dry cows and performance in the first part of the next lactation

Dewhurst

Davies

Fisher

2009

Animal

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This experiment evaluated different strategies for allocating first-cut grass silages to dry dairy cows that had low body-condition score (BCS) at drying off. A total of 48 moderately yielding Holstein-Friesian cows were used, receiving one of three dietary treatments in the dry period and a single lactation diet based on a flat-rate of concentrates and grass silage ad libitum. Throughout the dry period, one group received a low-digestibility silage (harvested 15 June 1998; LL; metabolisable energy (ME) 5 10.3 MJ/kg dry matter (DM)) and a second group received a high-digestibility silage (harvested 9 May 1998, HH; ME 5 11.7 MJ/kg DM). A third strategy (LH) offered the low-digestibility silage in the early dry period and the high-digestibility silage in the final 3 weeks before calving. The silages had very different crude protein concentrations (144 and 201 g/kg DM) and intakes were widely divergent (10.1 v. 13.5 kg DM/day) across the dry period. No concentrates were fed during the dry period. Silage quality had a very large effect on liveweight change, with treatment means of 0.32 and 1.75 kg/day for LL and HH, respectively. BCS changes followed a similar pattern, though no cows became over-conditioned and blood metabolites were within normal ranges. Increased silage digestibility in the late dry period led to a substantial increase in milk fat concentration and a smaller increase in milk protein concentration, the latter confined to the first full week of lactation. Depression of milk fat appears related to low blood glucose when dry cows in low body condition are fed at a low level. The LH strategy avoided the tendency for lower milk yields and fat concentration that resulted from feeding the low-digestibility silage until calving. This strategy also avoided the higher calf weights that resulted from feeding the high-digestibility silage in the early dry period.

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Effects of Prepartum Dry Matter Intake and Forage Percentage on Postpartum Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows

Cited by 97 publications

References 22 publications

Priming the dairy cow for lactation: a review of dry cow feeding strategies

Priming the dairy cow for lactation: a review of dry cow feeding strategies

Energy intake in late gestation affects blood metabolites in early lactation independently of milk production in dairy cows

Effects of silage digestibility on intake and body reserves of dry cows and performance in the first part of the next lactation

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