Effects of Prenatal Styrene Exposure on Postnatal Development and Brain Serotonin and Catecholamine Levels in Rats

Katakura, Yoko; Kishi, Reiko; Ikeda, Toshiko; Miyake, Hirotsugu

doi:10.1006/enrs.2000.4053

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…They reported differences in a number of developmental landmarks, as well as differences in open field activity, rota‐rod activity, and operant conditioning response for some but not all tested intervals. In the second study (Katakura et al, 1999, 2001), pregnant female rats were exposed to 0 (ad libitum feed, 14 litters), 0 (pair‐fed to 300 ppm group, 12 litters), 50 (9 litters), or 300 (14 litters) ppm styrene by a static inhalation system. Compared to the pair‐fed controls, exposure to 300 ppm styrene resulted in increased neonatal death, decreased pup weight on PND 21, increased time to lower, but not upper, incisor eruption, an increased time to development of air righting reflex, and decreased homovanillic acid in the cerebrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental neurotoxicity study of styrene by inhalation in Crl‐CD rats

Cruzan

Faber²,

Johnson

et al. 2005

Birth Defects Research Pt B

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This study was conducted to assess potential adverse functional and/or morphological effects of styrene on the neurological system in the F2 offspring following F0 and F1 generation whole-body inhalation exposures. Four groups of male and female Crl:CD (SD)IGS BR rats (25/sex/group) were exposed to 0, 50, 150, and 500 ppm styrene for 6 hr daily for at least 70 consecutive days prior to mating for the F0 and F1 generations. Inhalation exposure continued for the F0 and F1 females throughout mating and through gestation day 20. On lactation days 1 through 4, the F0 and F1 females received styrene in virgin olive oil via oral gavage at dose levels of 66, 117, and 300 mg/kg/day (divided into three equal doses, approximately 2 hr apart). Inhalation exposure of the F0 and F1 females was re-initiated on lactation day 5 and continued through weaning of the F1 or F2 pups on postnatal day (PND) 21. Developmental landmarks were assessed in F1 and F2 offspring. The neurological development of randomly selected pups from the F2 generation was assessed by functional observational battery, locomotor activity, acoustic startle response, learning and memory evaluations, brain weights and dimension measurements, and brain morphometric and histologic evaluation. Styrene exposure did not affect survival or the clinical condition of the animals. As expected from previous studies, slight body weight and histopathologic effects on the nasal olfactory epithelium were found in F0 and F1 rats exposed to 500 ppm and, to a lesser extent, 150 ppm. There were no indications of adverse effects on reproductive performance in either the F0 or F1 generation. There were exposure-related reductions in mean body weights of the F1 and F2 offspring from the mid and high-exposure groups and an overall pattern of slightly delayed development evident in the F2 offspring only from the 500-ppm group. This developmental delay included reduced body weight (which continued through day 70) and slightly delayed acquisition of some physical landmarks of development. Styrene exposure of the F0 and F1 animals had no effect on survival, the clinical condition or necropsy findings of the F2 animals. Functional observational battery evaluations conducted for all F1 dams during the gestation and lactation periods and for the F2 offspring were unaffected by styrene exposure. Swimming ability as determined by straight channel escape times measured on PND 24 were increased, and reduced grip strength values were evident for both sexes on PND 45 and 60 in the 500-ppm group compared to controls. There were no other parental exposure-related findings in the F2 pre-weaning and post-weaning functional observational battery assessments, the PND 20 and PND 60 auditory startle habituation parameters, in endpoints of learning and memory performance (escape times and errors) in the Biel water maze task at either testing age, or in activity levels measured on PND 61 in the 500-ppm group. Taken together, the exposure-related developmental and neuromotor changes identified in F2 pups f...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental neurotoxicity study of styrene by inhalation in Crl‐CD rats

Cruzan

Faber²,

Johnson

et al. 2005

Birth Defects Research Pt B

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show abstract

“…Some information may be interpretable on developmental landmarks (pre-weaning and post-weaning behavior) after styrene exposure during gestation, 1-day litter index, length of gestation, and body weight gain. Katakura et al (1999Katakura et al ( , 2001, support not indicated, reported follow-up studies from the Kishi et al (1995) laboratory using larger numbers of litters and pair-fed controls. The two studies by Katakura et al are presented together because they involve offspring of the same pregnant animals.…”

Section: Utility (Adequacy) For Cerhr Evaluation Processmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…A rat study (Srivastava et al, 1992a) using oral doses of styrene during pregnancy evaluated xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in fetal liver, although the study lacked information on possible maternal effects of the treatment. Four reports from one laboratory evaluated brain neurochemicals and offspring behavior in rats after gestational exposure to styrene (Kishi et al, 1992(Kishi et al, , 1995Katakura et al, 1999Katakura et al, , 2001, and another study compared styrene exposure during the gestational and lactation periods with regard to dopamine receptor binding and neonatal behaviors (Zaidi et al, 1985). A two-generation rat study included neurobehavioral assessments in F 2 offspring (Cruzan et al, 2005c).…”

Section: Utility Of Datamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Developmental LOAEL 300 ppm (kmale weight on PND 21; k in some neurochemical measures and delay in developmental landmarks, reflexes) [lowest BMD 10 113 ppm, BMDL 10 73 ppm, BMD 1 SD 276 ppm, BMDL 1 SD 166 ppm]. Katakura et al, 1999Katakura et al, , 2001 Rat, Crl:CD s (SD)IGS BR Inhalation at 0, 50, 150, or 500 ppm 6 hr/day as part of a two-generation study. F 2 offspring not directly exposed to styrene.…”

Section: Maternal Loael Indeterminatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhalation exposure of dams resumed on PND 5. Offspring were weaned on Katakura et al (1999Katakura et al ( , 2001 Adverse effects on body weight gain were seen at 500 ppm in male and female F 0 rats and at 150 and 500 ppm during the premating interval in F 1 males and females. There were no treatment effects on feed consumption or maternal body weight gain during gestation in either generation, although water consumption was increased in F 0 and F 1 dams of the 500 ppm dose group.…”

Section: Utility (Adequacy) For Cerhr Evaluation Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NTP‐CERHR Expert Panel Report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of styrene

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Styrene, Polyphenyls, and Related Compounds

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This chemical group consists of aromatic hydrocarbons whose molecular structures contain single aromatic rings separated by single chemical bonds or from simple groups containing unsaturated carbon atoms. Included are styrene, vinyltoluene, divinylbenzene, allylbenzene, α‐methyl styrene, phenylacetylene, diphenyl, methylbiphenyl, diphenylmethane, stilbene, and terphenyl. These compounds generally occur as volatile liquids under normal conditions, and possess low vapor pressures, volatility, absorbability, and solubility in aqueous media. Higher molecular weight derivatives are volatile solids. They are primary skin irritants and ocular exposure can cause corneal irritation and damage. Direct aerosol deposition or ingestion and subsequent aspiration can cause pulmonary damage and pneumonitis. They generally have low to moderate acute toxicity and, following repeated exposures, can cause local site‐of contact irritation and systemic toxicity primarily in the nasal cavity, lung, liver, kidney, and bladder. Sensitization reactions are generally not reported. Mixed findings have been reported in genotoxicity studies. These substances generally appear to be carcinogenic in animals, with increase tumor incidences reported in mouse lungs and liver and rat kidney and bladder. These substances can cause acute CNS depression at high exposures but only styrene is reported to produce neurological effects following repeated exposure, specifically toxicity to hearing, color vision, and olfaction. There is some evidence that these substances may produce reproductive and developmental effects. Their environmental fate and disposition are variable, whereas all are demonstrated or expected to be toxic to aquatic organisms.

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Effects of Prenatal Styrene Exposure on Postnatal Development and Brain Serotonin and Catecholamine Levels in Rats

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Developmental neurotoxicity study of styrene by inhalation in Crl‐CD rats

Developmental neurotoxicity study of styrene by inhalation in Crl‐CD rats

NTP‐CERHR Expert Panel Report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of styrene

Styrene, Polyphenyls, and Related Compounds

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