Effects of Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to GSM-Like Radiofrequency on Blood Chemistry and Oxidative Stress in Infant Rabbits, an Experimental Study

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the potential hazardous effects of prenatal and/or postnatal exposure to 1800 MHz GSM-like radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on the blood chemistry and lipid peroxidation levels of infant rabbits. A total of 72 New Zealand female and male white rabbits aged 1-month were used. Thirty-six female and 36 male were divided into four groups which were composed of nine infants: (i) Group 1 were the sham exposure (control), (ii) Group 2 were exposed to RFR, 15 min daily for 7 days in the prenatal period (between 15th and 22nd days of the gestational period) (prenatal exposure group). (iii) Group 3 were exposed to RFR 15 min/day (14 days for male, whereas 7 days for female) after they reached 1-month of age (postnatal exposure group). (iv) Group 4 were exposed to RFR for 15 min daily during 7 days in the prenatal period (between 15th and 22nd days of the gestational period) and 15 min/day (14 days for male, whereas 7 days for female) after they reached 1-month of age (prenatal and postnatal exposure group). Results showed that serum lipid peroxidation level in both female and male rabbits changed due to the RFR exposure. However, different parameters of the blood biochemistry were affected by exposure in male and female infants. Consequently, the whole-body 1800 MHz GSM-like RFR exposure may lead to oxidative stress and changes on some blood chemistry parameters. Studies on RFR exposure during prenatal and postnatal periods will help to establish international standards for the protection of pregnants and newborns from environmental RFR.

Comparison of effects of 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi and mobile phone exposure on human placenta and cord blood

“…Some studies indicate that 1800 MHz RFR causes oxidative stress and DNA damage in the brains and livers of pregnant rabbits and their offspring [17][18][19][20]. Another study reported that the exposure to 900 MHz RF during the prenatal period induced oxidative stress and pathologic changes in the liver tissues of rats [21].…”

“…Additionally, many studies have reported that 1800 MHz [17][18][19][24][25][26][27][28] and 900 MHz RFR [29,30] cause oxidative stress and DNA damage in animals. Moreover, some studies indicate that 900 MHz [6,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] and 1800 MHz RFR [17,26,[39][40][41] induce oxidative stress with an increase in MDA levels.…”

Hazardous Genomic Bioeffects of Home Wi-Fi Systems

“…Ozgur et al, reported that rabbits, which were exposed to EM EMF of 1800 MHz had oxydative stress and defects in serum lipid peroxydation (Ozgur et al, 2013). Czyz et al, were stated that non-thermal responses might be induced in mouse pluripotent embryonic stem cells by exposure to intermittent EMF with extremely low frequency (50 Hz) .…”

GSM-like radiofrequency exposure induces apoptosis via caspase-dependent pathway in infant rabbits

“…There's no doubt that degraded ecosystems, contaminated water, polluted indoor and outdoor air, lack of adequate sanitation, toxic hazards, disease vectors and ionizing and non-ionizing radiations are all important environmental risk factors for children therefore in developed countries there is a big interest in the maternal and neonatal health. Radiofrequency radiation (RFR), which is produced by wireless and cell phone services is one of the important environmental risk factor (2). However, in general, population vulnerable individuals such as: children, elderly people and especially pregnant women are exposed to the same degree of RFR, which is known to have an adverse health effects.…”

“…Cellular phones are one of the man-made sources of RFR and are used more by younger generation in the last decade. Increased use of cellular phones attracts the attention of the public about adverse health effects of mobile phone radiation, especially on children and sensitive people such as pregnant women and babies (2). Increased RFR exposure can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to modify the cellular balance (5).…”