Effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant and under‐five years mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: evidence from the demographic and health surveys

Rutstein, Shea

doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.11.012

Cited by 559 publications

(565 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Third, once birth intervals exceed 47 months, the mortality‐reducing effect begins to turn upward. This result, shown in previous research, led to the WHO recommendation of spacing children about three years apart (Rutstein 2005). Having established that Bangladesh's population, on average, fits to the expected patterns of birth spacing on child mortality, I now investigate heterogeneity in this relationship.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…A consistent negative relationship between birth interval length and infant mortality risks has been identified in a wide variety of contexts (Cleland and Sathar 1984; Hobcraft, McDonald, and Rutstein 1985; Palloni and Millman 1986; Millman and Cooksey 1987; Pebley, Hermalin, and Knodel 1991; Boerma and Bicego 1992; Curtis, Diamond, and McDonald 1993; Rutstein 2005; Kozuki and Walker 2013; Mahande and Obure 2016; Molitoris 2017). The ubiquity of this relationship has led the World Health Organization to recommend that mothers in developing countries space their births at least three years apart (WHO 2007), and this recommendation has been implemented in community‐based family planning programs (Ahmed et al.…”

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confidence: 73%

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Heterogeneous Effects of Birth Spacing on Neonatal Mortality Risks in Bangladesh

Molitoris

2018

Studies in Family Planning

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The negative relationship between birth interval length and neonatal mortality risks is well documented, but heterogeneity in this relationship has been largely ignored. Using the Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Survey 2010, this study investigates how the effect of birth interval length on neonatal mortality risks varies by maternal age at birth and maternal education. There is significant variation in the effect of interval length on neonatal mortality along these dimensions. Young mothers and those with little education, both of which make up a large share of the Bangladeshi population, can disproportionately benefit from longer intervals. Because these results were obtained from within‐family models, they are not due to unobservable heterogeneity between mothers. Targeting women with these characteristics may lead to significant improvements in neonatal mortality rates, but there are significant challenges in reaching them.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

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confidence: 73%

Heterogeneous Effects of Birth Spacing on Neonatal Mortality Risks in Bangladesh

Molitoris

2018

Studies in Family Planning

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“…Short-term breastfeeding, and especially no breastfeeding is associated with shorter birth interval (Rutstein 2005). An increase in breast cancer risk has been reported among premenopausal American women, who nursed their first (RR ¼ 1.37) or second (RR ¼ 1,44) child o1 month (Byers et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth intervals and breast cancer risk

et al. 2009

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BACKGROUND: The interval between successive births (birth interval) may affect breast cancer risk, whereas interval from last birth to cancer onset may modify its behaviour. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 29 488 Finnish grand multiparous (GM) women, including 628 women with breast cancer. Conditional logistic regression for case -control design nested within the cohort was used to estimate proportional hazards (referred as relative risks, RR). Age at first birth and parity were co-variables. RESULTS: Short interval (o1 year) between first and second birth increased the risk of advanced ductal breast cancer at ages o 50 years (RR ¼ 5.29; 95% CI 2.00 -14.0) as compared to interval 3 þ years. The risk of advanced ductal cancer was also large (RR ¼ 4.00; 95% CI 1.19 -13.4) shortly (o3 years) after last birth as compared with the period 15 þ years. CONCLUSIONS: Short birth interval-associated excess breast cancer risk may be related to stimulatory effects of female steroid hormones produced during two closely connected pregnancies, or defective breast maturation owing to failures in breastfeeding.

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“…Shorter birth intervals of less than 12 months have been reported in earlier literature as a strong predictor of poor infant feeding (20)(21)(22)(23)(24) . This could be related to maternal depletion syndrome and resource competition between siblings, in addition to a lack of care and attention experienced by first-born infants (25)(26)(27)(28) .…”

Section: Complementary Feeding Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary feeding indicators and determinants of poor feeding practices in Indonesia: a secondary analysis of 2007 Demographic and Health Survey data

Dibley

Agho

2011

Public Health Nutr.

101

105

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Objective: The present study aimed to assess complementary feeding practices and identify the potential risk factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding in Indonesia for a nationally representative sample of births from 2004 to 2007. Design: The data source for the analysis was the 2007 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. Multiple logistic regression was performed to analyse the factors associated with complementary feeding, using individual-, household-and community-level determinants. Setting: Indonesia. Subjects: Children (n 4604) aged 6-23 months.Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that infants from poor households were significantly less likely to be introduced to complementary feeding (adjusted odds ratio, AOR 5 4?32; 95 % CI 1?46, 12?80) and meet the minimum dietary diversity (AOR 5 1?76; 95 % CI 1?16, 2?68). Mother's education (AOR for no education in dietary diversity 5 1?92; 95 % CI 1?09, 3?38; AOR for no education in meal frequency 5 2?03; 95 % CI 1?13, 3?64; AOR for no education in acceptable diet 5 3?84; 95 % CI 2?07, 7?12), residence and decreased age of the infant were negatively associated with minimum dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency and an acceptable diet. Infants aged 6-11 months were also significantly less likely to meet minimum dietary diversity (AOR 5 6?36; 95 % CI 4?73, 8?56), minimum meal frequency (AOR 5 2?30; 95 % CI 1?79, 2?96) and minimum acceptable diet (AOR 5 2?27; 95 % CI 1?67, 3?09). All geographical regions compared with Sumatra were more likely to give the recommended meal frequency and an acceptable diet to breast-fed children. Conclusions: Public health interventions to improve complementary feeding should address individual-, household-and community-level factors which significantly influence the introduction of complementary feeding. Complementary feeding intervention programmes in Indonesia should ensure that restraints on families with low socio-economic status are addressed. Infants aged 6-11 months and mothers with low education levels may also need special focus. Promotion strategies should also target the health-care delivery system and the media. Keywords Complementary feeding indicators Infant feeding Young child IndonesiaWhen breast milk alone is no longer nutritionally sufficient for an infant after 6 months of age, the initiation of complementary feeding allows the child to transition gradually to eating family foods. It is estimated that 6 % of deaths among under-5 s could be prevented through the achievement of universal coverage with improved complementary feeding alone (1,2) . The WHO infant feeding guidelines recommend that infants should be exclusively breast-fed for the first 6 months of life, after which complementary foods may be introduced in conjunction with continued breastfeeding to achieve optimal growth, development and health (3)(4)(5) . In many developing countries, complementary foods consist of cereals or starchy roots that have been prepared as a thin gruel. Coupled with very few feeds per day, the lac...

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Effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant and under‐five years mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: evidence from the demographic and health surveys

Cited by 559 publications

References 14 publications

Heterogeneous Effects of Birth Spacing on Neonatal Mortality Risks in Bangladesh

Heterogeneous Effects of Birth Spacing on Neonatal Mortality Risks in Bangladesh

Birth intervals and breast cancer risk

Complementary feeding indicators and determinants of poor feeding practices in Indonesia: a secondary analysis of 2007 Demographic and Health Survey data

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