Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics Delivered <I>In Ovo</I> on Broiler Small Intestine Histomorphology During the First Days After Hatching

Abstract

Effects of prebiotics and synbiotics delivered in ovo on broiler small intestine histomorphology during the first days after hatching. Folia Biologica (Kraków) 64: 131-143. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of prebiotics and synbiotics administered in ovo on the 12 th day of incubation, on the development of the intestinal villi and the number of goblet cells in the small intestine of broiler chickens on the 1 st and the 4 th days of life of chicks. Two prebiotics: inulin (PI) or Bi 2 tos (PB) and two synbiotics: inulin + L. lactis subsp. lactis (SI) or Bi 2 tos + L. lactis subsp. cremoris (SB) were injected in ovo on the 12 th day of embryonic development. The control group of the embryos was injected with physiological saline (C). On the 1 st day of life, an increase in the height of the villi in the jejunum was reported as a result of the injection of pre-and synbiotics, moreover an increase in the surface area of the villi in the jejunum and the duodenum in chicks from the SB group was also observed. A stimulatory effect of synbiotics on the morphology of the duodenum and the jejunum was also observed on the 4 th day after hatching. Conversely, in the ileum, in the SB group, a reduction in the height of villi was found both on the 1 st and the 4 th days of life. In contrast, injection of inulin and synbiotic with the addition of inulin resulted in an increase in the number of goblet cells in the duodenum and the jejunum on the 1 st day of life, and caused a significant decrease on the 4 th day after hatching.

The effect of synbiotic preparations on the intestinal microbiota and her metabolism in broiler chickens

“…The number of microorganisms in sections of the digestive system can vary significantly 49 . On the first day, coli group bacteria, enterococci and lactic bacteria predominate in the chicken goiter, duodenum and small intestine 50,51 . Their initial count is low, but already after 5-6 hours it ranges between 10 9 and 10 10 CFU g −1 of the excreta.…”

Review: Roles of Prebiotics in Intestinal Ecosystem of Broilers

“…Previous studies reported that microvillus height in the jejunum and ileum and the ratio of villus to crypt depth in the ceca were increased by FOS ( 40 , 41 ). Bogucka et al ( 92 ) also reported that in ovo injection of inulin increased villus height in broilers at the first day after hatching. In addition, the use of inulin could increase jejunal mucin mRNA expression to produce more mucin, protecting intestinal epithelial cells in broilers ( 39 ).…”

Splenic Gene Expression Signatures in Slow-Growing Chickens Stimulated in Ovo with Galactooligosaccharides and Challenged with Heat

“…During in ovo stimulation, a prebiotic or synbiotic is injected into the air cell of the incubating egg (in this study, on day 12 of egg incubation) and stimulates the development of indigenous microbiota prior to hatching [31]. The prebiotic supplementation at the embryonic stage supports not only the microbiota development in the growing chickens [32][33][34] but also improves the immune system [35,36], gut morphology [37] and the intestinal barrier function [32].…”