Effects of Prebiotic and Synbiotic Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Anthropometric Indices After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Fernandes, Ricardo; Beserra, Bruna Teles Soares; Mocellin, Michel Carlos; Kuntz, Marilyn Gonçalves Ferreira; Rosa, Júlia Salvan da; Miranda, Rafaella Cristina Dimbarre de; Schreiber, Cristina S. O.; Frode, Tânia Sílvia; Nunes, Everson Araújo; Trindade, Erasmo B. S. M.

doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000328

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In line with the presented data, low Bifidobacterium numbers associated with obesity were previously reported [57,58]. In a test of symbiotic supplementation of fructose, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacteria after bariatric surgery, no positive effects were found in terms of weight loss or inflammation [59].…”

Section: Community Changes After Rygb Show Reduced Diversity In a Locsupporting

confidence: 91%

Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss

et al. 2020

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Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is a last-resort treatment to induce substantial and sustained weight loss in cases of severe obesity. This anatomical rearrangement affects the intestinal microbiota, but so far, little information is available on how it interferes with microbial functionality and microbial-host interactions independently of weight loss. Methods: A rat model was employed where the RYGB-surgery cohort is compared to sham-operated controls which were kept at a matched body weight by food restriction. We investigated the microbial taxonomy and functional activity using 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing, metaproteomics, and metabolomics on samples collected from theileum, the cecum, and the colon, and separately analysed the lumen and mucus-associated microbiota. Results: Altered gut architecture in RYGB increased the relative occurrence of Actinobacteria, especially Bifidobacteriaceae and Proteobacteria, while in general, Firmicutes were decreased although Streptococcaceae and Clostridium perfringens were observed at relative higher abundances independent of weight loss. A decrease of conjugated and secondary bile acids was observed in the RYGB-gut lumen. The arginine biosynthesis pathway in the microbiota was altered, as indicated by the changes in the abundance of upstream metabolites and enzymes, resulting in lower levels of arginine and higher levels of aspartate in the colon after RYGB. Conclusion: The anatomical rearrangement in RYGB affects microbiota composition and functionality as well as changes in amino acid and bile acid metabolism independently of weight loss. The shift in the taxonomic structure of the microbiota after RYGB may be mediated by the resulting change in the composition of the bile acid pool in the gut and by changes in the composition of nutrients in the gut.

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Section: Community Changes After Rygb Show Reduced Diversity In a Locsupporting

confidence: 91%

Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss

et al. 2020

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“…However, some studies included patients with diabetes mellitus or pre-diabetes, metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). One study assessed the use of probiotics and prebiotics in patients post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [ 38 ]. The median duration of follow up in the studies was 12 weeks (range 2–24 weeks).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Alteration of the Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Weight and Fat Mass: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

John

Wang

Nanavati

et al. 2018

Genes

111

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Dietary alteration of the gut microbiome is an important target in the treatment of obesity. Animal and human studies have shown bidirectional weight modulation based on the probiotic formulation used. In this study, we systematically reviewed the literature and performed a meta-analysis to assess the impact of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics on body weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat mass in adult human subjects. We searched Medline (PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science to identify 4721 articles, of which 41 were subjected to full-text screening, yielding 21 included studies with 33 study arms. Probiotic use was associated with significant decreases in BMI, weight and fat mass. Studies of subjects consuming prebiotics demonstrated a significant reduction in body weight, whereas synbiotics did not show an effect. Overall, when the utilization of gut microbiome-modulating dietary agents (prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic) was compared to placebo, there were significant decreases in BMI, weight and fat mass. In summary, dietary agents for the modulation of the gut microbiome are essential tools in the treatment of obesity and can lead to significant decreases in BMI, weight and fat mass. Further studies are needed to identify the ideal dose and duration of supplementation and to assess the durability of this effect.

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“…Human studies on the efficacy of conventional probiotics after BS is limited, although the usage of probiotics is common postoperatively [192]. To date, the effects of probiotics following weight loss surgery have been analyzed by 4 studies, out of which, 3 were conducted on patients with obesity who underwent RYGB and 1 was performed among patients submitted to VSG [181,193,194]. The latter did not report any improvements in hepatic, inflammatory, or other clinical endpoints associated with probiotic therapy at 6 months, respectively 1 year following surgery, suggesting that VSG in itself results in major metabolic changes, leaving little or no room for an extra effect [192].…”

Section: Probiotics and Gm: Implications For Bariatric Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Chen et al observed alleviation of gastrointestinal symptoms and improvement in quality of life in 60 RYGB patients two weeks after the initiation of probiotics and digestive enzymes therapy [193]. A triple-blind randomized controlled trial conducted on 9 RYGB patients showed that prebiotics supplementation alone, not synbiotics, increased weight loss [194]. Probiotic administration was associated with improvements of SIBO and increased weight loss in 44 patients following RYGB.…”

Section: Probiotics and Gm: Implications For Bariatric Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric Surgery in Obesity: Effects on Gut Microbiota and Micronutrient Status

et al. 2020

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Obesity is associated with reduced gut microbial diversity and a high rate of micronutrient deficiency. Bariatric surgery, the therapy of choice for severe obesity, produces sustained weight loss and improvements in obesity-related comorbidities. Also, it significantly alters the gut microbiota (GM) composition and function, which might have an important impact on the micronutrient status as GM is able to synthesize certain vitamins, such as riboflavin, folate, B12, or vitamin K2. However, recent data have reported that GM is not fully restored after bariatric surgery; therefore, manipulation of GM through probiotics represents a promising therapeutic approach in bariatric patients. In this review, we discuss the latest evidence concerning the relationship between obesity, GM and micronutrients, the impact of bariatric surgery on GM in relation with micronutrients equilibrium, and the importance of the probiotics’ supplementation in obese patients submitted to surgical treatment.

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Effects of Prebiotic and Synbiotic Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Anthropometric Indices After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss

Gastric bypass surgery in a rat model alters the community structure and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota independently of weight loss

Dietary Alteration of the Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Weight and Fat Mass: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bariatric Surgery in Obesity: Effects on Gut Microbiota and Micronutrient Status

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