Effects of pre‐ and post‐treatment with ethephon on gum formation of peach gummosis caused by <i>Lasiodiplodia theobromae</i>

Li, Z.; Zhu, Wei; Fan, Yujie; Ye, Junli; Li, G.‐H.

doi:10.1111/ppa.12214

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the present study, in addition to wound-treatments, the pathogen challenge aside from wound treatments promoted the expression of ppa016458, as proven in the endogenous production of ET (Figure 1C ). Li et al ( 2014c ) reported that ETH application on peach shoots pre-inoculated with L. theobromae promotes gum formation. ETH treatments accelerated the senescence of peach shoots and rapidly increased the contents of sucrose, glucose, and fructose (Li et al, 2014c ), which may promote disease development and facilitate gum formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Changes during the Gummosis Development of Peach Shoots in Response to Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Using RNA-Seq

Gao

Wang

et al. 2016

Front. Physiol.

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Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a causal agent of peach (Prunus persica L.) tree gummosis, a serious disease affecting peach cultivation and production. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis remains unclear. RNA-Seq was performed to investigate gene expression in peach shoots inoculated or mock-inoculated with L. theobromae. A total of 20772 genes were detected in eight samples; 4231, 3750, 3453, and 3612 differentially expressed genes were identified at 12, 24, 48, and 60 h after inoculation, respectively. Furthermore, 920 differentially co-expressed genes (515 upregulated and 405 downregulated) were found, respectively. Gene ontology annotation revealed that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and metabolism, uridine diphosphate-glucosyltransferase activity, and photosynthesis were the most differentially regulated processes during gummosis development. Significant differences were also found in the expression of genes involved in glycometabolism and in ethylene and jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signaling. These data illustrate the dynamic changes in gene expression in the inoculated peach shoots at the transcriptome level. Overall, gene expression in defense response and glycometabolism might result in the gummosis of peach trees induced by L. theobromae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Changes during the Gummosis Development of Peach Shoots in Response to Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Using RNA-Seq

Gao

Wang

et al. 2016

Front. Physiol.

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“…There is emerging evidence that supports this hypothesis. Gummosis is the exudation of polysaccharide gum that is produced primarily in response to various stresses [ 44 ], and ethephon has been implicated in the induction of gummosis in stone fruits [ 45 ]. In addition, the treatment with ethylene immediate precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) has been found to trigger cell cycle arrest in Arabidopsis [ 46 ] and leafy spurge [ 42 ], in a way comparable to stress responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene-Mediated Modulation of Bud Phenology, Cold Hardiness, and Hormone Biosynthesis in Peach (Prunus persica)

Liu

Islam

Sapkota

et al. 2021

Plants

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Spring frosts exacerbated by global climate change have become a constant threat to temperate fruit production. Delaying the bloom date by plant growth regulators (PGRs) has been proposed as a practical frost avoidance strategy. Ethephon is an ethylene-releasing PGR found to delay bloom in several fruit species, yet its use is often coupled with harmful effects, limiting its applicability in commercial tree fruit production. Little information is available regarding the mechanisms by which ethephon influences blooming and bud dormancy. This study investigated the effects of fall-applied ethephon on bud phenology, cold hardiness, and hormonal balance throughout the bud dormancy cycle in peach. Our findings concluded that ethephon could alter several significant aspects of peach bud physiology, including accelerated leaf fall, extended chilling accumulation period, increased heat requirements, improved cold hardiness, and delayed bloom date. Ethephon effects on these traits were primarily dependent on its concentration and application timing, with a high concentration (500 ppm) and an early application timing (10% leaf fall) being the most effective. Endogenous ethylene levels were induced significantly in the buds when ethephon was applied at 10% versus 90% leaf fall, indicating that leaves are essential for ethephon uptake. The hormonal analysis of buds at regular intervals of chilling hours (CH) and growing degree hours (GDH) also indicated that ethephon might exert its effects through an abscisic acid (ABA)-independent way in dormant buds. Instead, our data signifies the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in mediating budburst and bloom in peach, which also appears to be influenced by ethephon treatment. Overall, this research presents a new perspective in interpreting horticultural traits in the light of biochemical and molecular data and sheds light on the potential role of JA in bud dormancy, which deserves further attention in future studies that aim at mitigating spring frosts.

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“…Tree gums are mainly composed of polysaccharides and are induced by various environmental stresses, mechanical or chemical injury, insect attack, or infection (Saniewski et al, 2006). Ethylene has been implicated as the leading factor that induces gummosis (Li et al, 2014). Ethylene can act synergistically with jasmonic acid to cause the breakdown of cell membranes and cell disintegration, which is the first step of the gum formation (Saniewski et al, 2006).…”

Section: Limitations Of Using Ethylene In Delaying Bloommentioning

confidence: 99%

Combating Spring Frost With Ethylene

Liu

Sherif

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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The sustainable fruit production in temperate and boreal regions is often imperiled by spring frosts. The risk of frost damage and the resulting economic losses have been increasing in the recent years as a result of the global climate change. Among the many approaches in mitigating frost damages, an ethylene-based compound, ethephon has proven to be effective in delaying bloom time in many fruit species and, thereby, avoid frost damage. However, effective concentrations of ethephon are often associated with harmful effects on fruit trees, which largely limit its use. Relatively, limited research attention has been given to understand the mechanisms underlying this ethylene-mediated bloom delay, thus hindering the progress in exploring its potential in frost protection. Recent advances in omics and bioinformatics have facilitated the identification of critical molecular and biochemical pathways that govern the progression of bud dormancy in deciduous woody perennials. In this review, we summarized our current understanding of the function of ethylene and its interaction with other networks in modulating dormancy and blooming in temperate fruit trees. Some possible mechanisms are also proposed that might potentially guide future studies attempting to decipher the dormancy regulation or searching for methods to alleviate frost damages.

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Effects of pre‐ and post‐treatment with ethephon on gum formation of peach gummosis caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Gene Expression Changes during the Gummosis Development of Peach Shoots in Response to Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Using RNA-Seq

Gene Expression Changes during the Gummosis Development of Peach Shoots in Response to Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Using RNA-Seq

Ethylene-Mediated Modulation of Bud Phenology, Cold Hardiness, and Hormone Biosynthesis in Peach (Prunus persica)

Combating Spring Frost With Ethylene

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