Effects of potato resistant starch intake on insulin sensitivity, related metabolic markers and appetite ratings in men and women at risk for type 2 diabetes: a pilot cross‐over randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Background The intake of certain types of resistant starch (RS) has been associated in some studies with increased whole‐body insulin sensitivity. This randomised, cross‐over pilot trial evaluated the effect of consuming cooked, then chilled potatoes, a source of RS, compared to isoenergetic, carbohydrate (CHO)‐containing control foods, on insulin sensitivity and related markers. Methods Nineteen adults with body mass index 27.0‐39.9 kg m−2 consumed 300 g day−1 RS‐enriched potatoes (approximately two potatoes; ~18 g RS) or CHO‐based control foods, as part of lunch, evening and snack meals, over a 24‐h period. After an overnight fast, insulin sensitivity, CHO metabolism markers, free fatty acids, breath hydrogen levels and appetite were assessed for up to 5 h after the intake of a standard breakfast. The primary endpoint was insulin sensitivity, assessed with the Matsuda index. P < 0.05 (one‐sided) was considered statistically significant. Results Insulin sensitivity was not significantly different between the potato and control conditions. The potato intervention resulted in higher postprandial breath hydrogen (P = 0.037), lower postprandial free fatty acid concentrations (P = 0.039) and lower fasting plasma glucose (P = 0.043) compared to the control condition. Fullness ratings were significantly lower after potato versus control (P = 0.002). No other significant effects were observed; however, there was a trend toward lower fasting insulin (P = 0.077) in the potato versus the control condition. Conclusions The results of this pilot study suggest RS‐enriched potatoes may have a favourable impact on carbohydrate metabolism and support the view that additional research in a larger study sample is warranted.

Effects of Resistant Starch Interventions on Metabolic Biomarkers in Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes Adults

“…Recently, a comparison study has been done by Sanders and his friends to assess the metabolic effects in subjects that consumed 300 g of cooked then chilled potatoes containing ~18 g of RS compared to a control diet matched for calories and macronutrients but with <1 g of RS over a 24 h period ( 40 ). By introducing RS-enriched potatoes, the values for muscle insulin sensitivity index (MISI), HOMA2 insulin sensitivity (%S), and HOMA2 β-cell function (%B) increased, although the differences did not approach statistical significance compared with the control group.…”