Search citation statements
Paper Sections
Citation Types
Year Published
Publication Types
Relationship
Authors
Journals
Background: Arterial puncture is considered the gold standard for obtaining blood gas and acidbase values and facilitates the assessment of acutely and critically ill patients, as well as control of patients in long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). Substitutional capillary sampling has been proposed, as researchers cite lower complication rates, physician independence, lower degree of invasiveness and higher degree of patient comfort. An arterialised earlobe is considered the method of choice to obtain capillary blood sampling, but in an acute setting, the need for vasodilating pastes may be time-consuming and impractical. The aim of this study is to examine whether accurate blood gas and acid-base measurements can be obtained using non-arterialised fingertip blood. Materials and methods: Consecutive arterial punctures and non-arterialised capillary blood samples were drawn from 62 patients with stable-phase chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and subsequently analysed. Agreement between arterial and capillary blood gas values was compared using the method recommended by Bland and Altman. Results: Results show that limits of agreement (LoA) regarding PO 2 (LoA: −1.27-4.45 kPa); Base Excess (LoA: −1.35-0.55); lactate (LoA: −0.77-0.20 mmol/l) and SO 2 (LoA: −0.02-0.06) are wider than what would be applicable for clinical use. However, clinically acceptable LoA were obtained regarding PCO 2 (LoA: −0.64-0.38 kPa); pH (LoA: −0.02-0.03), and HCO 3 − (LoA: −1.06-0.55 mmol/l). Conclusion: LoA for PCO 2 , pH and HCO 3 − indicate that measurement of these parameters in nonarterialised capillary blood may be useful in clinical practice/an acute setting. What this paper adds: • Capillary blood sampling provides a fast, non-invasive means of obtaining blood gas-values; • Traditionally, capillary blood sampling for blood gas analysis is obtained from the earlobe using arterialisation; • The present study presents accurate measurements of PCO 2 , HCO 3 − and pH using non-arterialised fingertip capillary blood; • The present study is the first to show this in a population of stable-phase COPD patients.
Background: Arterial puncture is considered the gold standard for obtaining blood gas and acidbase values and facilitates the assessment of acutely and critically ill patients, as well as control of patients in long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). Substitutional capillary sampling has been proposed, as researchers cite lower complication rates, physician independence, lower degree of invasiveness and higher degree of patient comfort. An arterialised earlobe is considered the method of choice to obtain capillary blood sampling, but in an acute setting, the need for vasodilating pastes may be time-consuming and impractical. The aim of this study is to examine whether accurate blood gas and acid-base measurements can be obtained using non-arterialised fingertip blood. Materials and methods: Consecutive arterial punctures and non-arterialised capillary blood samples were drawn from 62 patients with stable-phase chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and subsequently analysed. Agreement between arterial and capillary blood gas values was compared using the method recommended by Bland and Altman. Results: Results show that limits of agreement (LoA) regarding PO 2 (LoA: −1.27-4.45 kPa); Base Excess (LoA: −1.35-0.55); lactate (LoA: −0.77-0.20 mmol/l) and SO 2 (LoA: −0.02-0.06) are wider than what would be applicable for clinical use. However, clinically acceptable LoA were obtained regarding PCO 2 (LoA: −0.64-0.38 kPa); pH (LoA: −0.02-0.03), and HCO 3 − (LoA: −1.06-0.55 mmol/l). Conclusion: LoA for PCO 2 , pH and HCO 3 − indicate that measurement of these parameters in nonarterialised capillary blood may be useful in clinical practice/an acute setting. What this paper adds: • Capillary blood sampling provides a fast, non-invasive means of obtaining blood gas-values; • Traditionally, capillary blood sampling for blood gas analysis is obtained from the earlobe using arterialisation; • The present study presents accurate measurements of PCO 2 , HCO 3 − and pH using non-arterialised fingertip capillary blood; • The present study is the first to show this in a population of stable-phase COPD patients.
Blood gas analysis (BGA) is an essential test used for years to provide vital information in critically ill patients. However, the instability of the blood gases is a problem. We aimed to evaluate time and temperature effects on blood gas stability. Arterial blood was collected from 20 patients into syringes. Following BGA for baseline, syringes were divided into groups to stand at 4°C and 22°C for 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes. All were tested for pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), oxygen saturation (sO2), oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb), sodium, potassium, glucose, lactate, oxygen tension at 50% hemoglobin saturation (p50), and bicarbonate. A subgroup analysis was performed to detect the effect of air on results during storage. Percentage deviations were calculated and compared against the preset quality specifications for allowable total error. At 4°C, pO2 was the least stable parameter. At 22°C, pO2 remained stable for 120 min, pH and glucose for 90 min, lactate and pCO2 for 60 min. Glucose and lactate were stable when chilled. Air bubbles interfered pO2 regardless of temperatures, whereas pCO2 increased significantly at 22°C after 30 min, and pH decreased after 90 min. Bicarbonate, sO2, O2Hb, sodium, and potassium were the unaffected parameters. Correct BGA results are essential, and arterial sample is precious. Therefore, if immediate analysis cannot be performed, up to one hour, syringes stored at room temperature will give reliable results when care is taken to minimize air within the blood gas specimen.
Atherosclerosis and COPD are both systemic inflammatory diseases that may influence each other. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of COPD in patients with cerebral and/or peripheral artery disease and to assess factors associated with the presence of COPD. Following the diagnosis of cerebral and/or peripheral artery disease by means of duplex sonography, 166 consecutive patients underwent body plethysmography with capillary blood gas analysis. Thereafter, blood tests with determination of different parameters such as lipid profile, inflammatory and coagulation markers were conducted in remaining 136 patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria of the study. Thirty-six out of 136 patients suffered from COPD, mostly in early stages of the disease. Residual volume indicating emphysema was increased (162.9%±55.9% vs 124.5%±37.0%, p<0.05) and diffusion capacity was decreased (55.1%±19.5% vs 75.3%±18.6%, p<0.05) in COPD patients vs non-COPD group. In capillary blood gas analysis, COPD patients had lower partial pressure of oxygen (70.9±11.5 vs 75.2±11.0 mmHg, p<0.05) and higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide (36.8±7.5 vs 34.4±4.4 mmHg, p<0.05) compared with non-COPD individuals. Presence of COPD was associated with predominance of diabetes mellitus, interleukin-8-related systemic neutrophilic inflammation and anemia. In conclusion, COPD is highly prevalent in patients with atherosclerotic artery disease.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.