Effects of Population Density on the Growth, Organ Weights, and Plasma Corticosterone of Young Broiler Chicks

Pesti, G. M.; Howarth, B.

doi:10.3382/ps.0621080

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our results are similar to those of Pesti and Howarth (1983), but are different from the results of Dozier et al (2006), Ravindran et al (2006), and Onbasilar et al (2008) in that no effect of stocking density was reported (Dozier et al, 2006;Ravindran et al, 2006) and a decrease in feed intake was observed (Dozier et al, 2006;Onbasilar et al, 2008). Literature on young birds is scarce because the majority of studies deal with the whole rear-ing period or the last period of rearing.…”

Section: Effect Of Stocking Density On Young Broilers (1 To 3 Wk Old)contrasting

confidence: 73%

Effects of stocking density on the growth performance and digestive microbiota of broiler chickens

Guardia¹,

Konsak²,

Combes³

et al. 2011

Poultry Science

109

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Increased stocking densities are frequently reported to depress chicken growth performance, but the mechanisms behind this are not fully understood. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of stocking density on growth performance and digestive microbiota, known to be sensitive to environmental factors. Chickens were reared at 2 stocking densities, 12 or 17 birds/m(2). Growth performance was recorded between d 1 and 39, and litter was scored for quality on d 25, 31, and 37. Digestive microbiota was analyzed along the digestive tract (crop, ileum, ceca) of 3- and 6-wk-old chickens by using 2 molecular approaches: a qualitative method (fingerprinting by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis) and a quantitative method (real-time PCR). An increase in stocking density was found to negatively affect the feed conversion ratio (+3.1%) and depress the daily BW gain of broilers (-5.5%) during the period from d 32 to 39 (P ≤ 0.05). Litter quality was reduced with the high stocking density as early as d 25. At 3 wk of age, stocking density strongly affected the fingerprint profiles of the bacterial community, with the highest modifications observed in the crop and ceca (R analysis of similarity = 0.77 and 0.69, respectively, P ≤ 0.05). At 6 wk of age, significant differences in the fingerprint profiles between the stocking densities appeared in the crop and ceca (R analysis of similarity = 0.52 and 0.27, respectively, P ≤ 0.05). The abundance of bacterial groups targeted by real-time PCR was affected by stocking density, but only to a limited extent. Because digestive microbiota may have consequences on the physiology of the digestive tract, its modification by an increase in stocking density may be involved in the reduced growth performance of the bird.

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Section: Effect Of Stocking Density On Young Broilers (1 To 3 Wk Old)contrasting

confidence: 73%

Effects of stocking density on the growth performance and digestive microbiota of broiler chickens

Guardia¹,

Konsak²,

Combes³

et al. 2011

Poultry Science

109

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“…Akyuvar sayısında (P<O,05, P<O,OI), lenfosit, heterofil ve Hi L oranlarında (P<O,OI) ilk iki grupla (i ve II) üçüncü ve dördüncü gruplar (II1ve IV) arasında istatistiksel önemde farklar gözlenmiş-tir. Literatürde akyuvar sayısının oluşturulan stres şartlarında değişmediğini (17, 18), azaldığını (20), arttığını (7,14,17) belirten araştırıcılar, azalmayı, oluşan lökopeniye (20) artışı da heterofilIerin oranındaki artışa (7) bağlamaktadırlar. Araştınnamızda akyuvar sayısında bulunan artış kronik streste heterofil sayısının artmasının en duyarlı hematopoetik belirti olduğunu bildiren (7) araştınnaya benzerlik göstennektedir.…”

Section: Tartışma Ve Sonuçunclassified

“…Yetiştiriciler üretim maliyetini düşürebilmek için az yakıt kuııanma durumunda olduklarından, hayvanları sıklaştırmak yoluyla yakıt tasarrufu sağlamak da mümkündür (17).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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TAVUKLARDA YERLEŞİM SIKLlGININ BAZI HEMATOLOJİK DEGERLERE ETKİSİ

Bahri¹,

Hatipoğlu²

1991

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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“…닭에서 급성감염에 따른 반응은 다양한 지표를 분석하여 그 스트레스 정도를 조사할 수 있는 데, 지금까지 연구에 따르면, 혈액 생화학적 성상의 변화, 백 혈구 수, 스트레스 호르몬, 항체, 사이토카인 등과 같은 것들 이 급성 스트레스 단계에서 발현 지표들로 알려져 있다 (Koj 1996;Kaiser et al, 2009;Leshchinsky and Klasing, 2003;Mireles et al, 2005;Pesti and Howarth, 1983). 특히 친염증 및 항염증 사이토카인의 발현 정도가 급성감염지표로서 최근 많 은 연구가 진행되고 있다 (Shini et al, 2010).…”

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Effects of Stocking Density and Lipopolysaccharide on Immune Organ Weights, Blood Biochemical Profiles and the mRNA Expression of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Chicks

Jang¹,

Song²,

Kim³

et al. 2016

Korean Journal of Poultry Science

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This study was performed to investigate the effects of the stocking density (standard stocking density (SSD, 495 cm 2 /bird)) vs. high stocking density (HSD,245cm 2 /bird) and challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5mg/kg BW) on the stress-related physiological indicators in chicks. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in body weight, but not in the weight of immune organs, between the SSD and HSD groups. The LPS group resulted in a significant (p<0.05) increase in the weights of the thymus and bursa of fabricius compared with the SSD group. Plasma biochemical components, including aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen, Ca, P, creatine kinase and uric acid, markedly (p<0.05) increased in the LPS birds, although no difference in these parameters was observed between the SSD and HSD birds. Furthermore, the birds challenged with LPS showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the plasma corticosterone level, although this hormone did not differ between the SSD and HSD groups. In the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, hepatic IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS in the LPS group significantly (p<0.05) increased compared with those in the SSD group. Thymic mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 in the LPS group also significantly (p<0.05) increased compared with those in the other groups. In addition, mRNA expression of IL-1β in the bursa of fabricius of the LPS group increased (p<0.05) without affecting the other cytokines. Under high stocking density, thymic IL-1β was the only cytokine that was up-regulated compared with the SSD group. In conclusion, an acute stress induced by LPS challenge profoundly affected immune organ weight, blood biochemical profiles and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, while chronic stress did not markedly affect biochemical and immunological parameters, suggesting that chicks under high stocking density could be adapted to prolonged stressors.

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Effects of Population Density on the Growth, Organ Weights, and Plasma Corticosterone of Young Broiler Chicks

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of stocking density on the growth performance and digestive microbiota of broiler chickens

Effects of stocking density on the growth performance and digestive microbiota of broiler chickens

TAVUKLARDA YERLEŞİM SIKLlGININ BAZI HEMATOLOJİK DEGERLERE ETKİSİ

Effects of Stocking Density and Lipopolysaccharide on Immune Organ Weights, Blood Biochemical Profiles and the mRNA Expression of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Chicks

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