Effects of pollution on marine organisms

Abstract

This review covers selected 2018 articles on the biological effects of pollutants, including human physical disturbances, on marine and estuarine plants, animals, ecosystems, and habitats. The review, based largely on journal articles, covers field and laboratory measurement activities (bioaccumulation of contaminants, field assessment surveys, toxicity testing, and biomarkers) as well as pollution issues of current interest including endocrine disrupters, emerging contaminants, wastewater discharges, marine debris, dredging, and disposal. Special emphasis is placed on effects of oil spills and marine debris due largely to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico and proliferation of data on the assimilation and effects of marine debris. Several topical areas reviewed in the past (e.g., mass mortalities ocean acidification) were dropped this year. The focus of this review is on effects, not on pollutant sources, chemistry, fate, or transport. There is considerable overlap across subject areas (e.g., some bioaccumulation data may be appear in other topical categories such as effects of wastewater discharges, or biomarker studies appearing in oil toxicity literature). Therefore, we strongly urge readers to use keyword searching of the text and references to locate related but distributed information. Although nearly 400 papers are cited, these now represent a fraction of the literature on these subjects. Use this review mainly as a starting point. And please consult the original papers before citing them.

Assessment of the conservation status of Chondrichthyans: underestimation of the pollution threat

“…This led to conventions and international agreements for the protection of the marine environment from human activities and for the production, use, and disposal of toxic substances (Craig 2004). The effects of chemicals, especially persistent organic pollutants (POPs), are well known and have been studied in many marine species (Fossi et al 2013;Marsili et al 2014;Brown & Takada 2017;Casini et al 2018;Mearns et al 2019;Righetti et al 2019;Quintanilla-Mena et al 2020). POPs interfere with organisms, compromising multiple physiological processes; they have immunosuppressive properties, are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic, and some are known to be endocrine disruptors (Jimenez 1997;Matthiessen 2003;Mikula & Svobodova 2006; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans 2016; Centelleghe et al 2019;Marsili et al 2019).…”

Diversity, distribution and decreasing factor of intertidal invertebrate communities in the Pangandaran Turism, Indonesia

“…Organisms that are directly associated with the intertidal zone are macroinvertebrates such as mollusks, crustacea, Polychaeta, oligochaete and echinoderms. Macroinvertebrates are one an important organism of the coastal and marine ecosystem because it plays a direct role in the nutrient cycle [16,15] , pollutant metabolism [52,47,27] and secondary productivity aquatic's bottom ecosystem [5] . The existence of macro-invertebrate widely distributed depending on the characteristics of aquatic such as aquatic depth, temperature, salinity, substrate type [13,43] .…”

Assessment of water quality based on biological indices of macrobenthos: a river under pressure from tourism activities

“…This is one of the organisms that live on the surface or in water-sediment such as mud, sand, gravel, stone, or organic waste (Alipoor et al, 2011;Sahidin et al, 2014;Wibowo et al, 2017). It is important to group organism in the aquatic ecosystem since it is the key biota in the food web (Iwakuma et al, 2008;Indra et al, 2019), nutrient cycle (Tabatabaie and Amari, 2011;Hale et al, 2016;Griffiths et al, 2017), pollution Depik Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan Volume 10, Number 3, Page 267-276 Sahidin et al (2021) metabolism (van Loon et al, 2015;Wardiatno et al, 2017;Sahidin et al, 2018;Mearns et al, 2019) and secondary productivity (Kroncke and Reiss, 2010;Bissoli and Bernardino, 2018).…”