Effects of planting beds, nutrient treatment and drought stress on biochemical properties and vegetative traits of common evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) seeds

Abstract

Oenothera biennis (Common Evening-Primrose, Evening Star, or Sun Drop) is an ornamental plant with medicinal properties belonging to the Onagraceae-Oenotheraceae family and native to North America. Evening primrose seed oil is used to deal with fat accumulation in the body, diabetes, premenstrual syndrome and other diseases, including eczema, mastalgia, cancer, multiple sclerosis and rheumatism. Recent studies have confirmed the presence of antioxidant activity in the polyphenols in evening primrose seeds. In order to evaluate the effect of different planting beds, organic fertilizers and drought stress, as the evening primrose’s environmental and nutritional factors in growth and phytochemical properties, this experiment was carried out at the department of plant products research greenhouse in 2017. The experiment was performed using a completely randomized design in 4 treatments and with three replications. Seeds were planted in the prepared beds. Seedlings resulted from seeding and germination of seeds were transferred to different planting media. Growth characteristics were studied at the end of the plant growth period and before their flowering, and the ripe seeds after harvesting were used to measure 100 seed weight and biochemical traits. The results were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA. Also, simple correlation coefficients were calculated to obtain the ratio of characteristics with each other by Duncan's method.

Responses of different invasive and non-invasive ornamental plants to water stress during seed germination and vegetative growth

“…Although it has been reported as a poor early-stage competitor since it requires an area free of vegetation to establish 20 , O. biennis has a high invasive potential. It has been reported to tolerate moderate salinity 53 and drought 54 . The species invades mostly anthropised associated habitats, so its presence in natural areas such as riparian environments may indicate the degradation of these ecosystems 30 .…”

Response of Evening Primrose (Oenothera genus) to Induced Mutations by Gamma Irradiation

“…Evening primrose (EP) extract has a protective effect on human skin against oxidative stress (Lee et al, 2020). Additionally, seed extract involves polyphenols that inhibit αglucosidase activity thus EP controls levels of blood glucose, also it has various fatty acids including; linoleic, oleic, γ-stearic and linolenic acid (Asghari, 2019). Furthermore, evening primrose oil (EPO) is used to soften the skin, facial scrubs, combined with vitamin E to prevent oxidation and the oil is applied to cosmetic preparations as EPO is an important source of sterols, polyphenol as well as fatty acids; cis-linoliec (about 70%) and cis-gamma linolenic acids (about 9%) as described by Liu et al (2003) and Sany et al (2021).…”

“…Additionally, GLA acts as an important mediator in human metabolism and supports in the synthesis of prostaglandins as GLA metabolite (dihomoγ-linolenic acid; DGLA is oxidized to 15hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid under the effect of lipoxygenase or, is metabolized to prostaglandins by cyclooxygenase, these compounds act as anti-inflammatory. Consequently, EPO is effective and the plant has a valuable effect in the treatment many diseases including, atopic dermatitis, multiple sclerosis, coronary heart, some types of cancer, autoimmune conditions, premenstrual syndrome and gastrointestinal symptoms as reported by ACS (2009), Mahmoud and Soliman (2017), Timoszuk et al(2018), Asghari (2019) and Bota et al (2020).…”