Effects of plant roots on the soil erosion rate under simulated rainfall with high kinetic energy

Shinohara, Yoshinori; Otani, Sohei; Kubota, Tetsuya; Otsuki, Kyoichi; Nanko, Kazuki

doi:10.1080/02626667.2015.1112904

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…On the other hand, the effects of vegetation cover is more pronounced for splash detachment and interrill erosion (e.g. Zuazo and Pleguezuelo, 2008;Shinohara et al, 2016). Recently, more attention is paid to root traits and their effects on ecosystem services (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do root and soil characteristics affect the erosion-reducing potential of plant species?

Vannoppen

Baets

Keeble

et al. 2017

Ecological Engineering

132

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Plant roots can be very effective in stabilizing the soil against concentrated flow erosion. So far, most research on the erosion-reducing potential of plant roots was conducted on loamy soils. However susceptible to incisive erosion processes, at present, no research exists on the effectiveness of plant roots in reducing concentrated flow erosion rates in sandy soils. Therefore, the prime objective of this study was to assess the erosion-reducing potential of both fibrous and tap roots in sandy soils. Furthermore, we investigated potential effects of root diameter, soil texture and dry soil bulk density on the erosion-reducing potential of plant roots. Therefore, flume experiments conducted on sandy soils (this study) were compared with those on sandy loam and silt loam soils (using the same experimental set up). Results showed that plant roots were very efficient in reducing concentrated flow erosion rates in sandy soils compared to root-free bare soils. Furthermore, our results confirmed that fibrous roots were more effective compared to (thick) tap roots. Dry soil bulk density and soil texture also played a significant role. As they were both related to soil cohesion, the results of this study suggested that the effectiveness of plant roots in controlling concentrated flow erosion rates depended on the apparent soil cohesion. The nature of this soil type effect depended on the root-system type: fine root systems were most effective in non-cohesive soils while tap root systems were most effective in cohesive soils. For soils permeated with a given amount of fibrous roots, an increase of soil bulk density seemed to hamper the effectiveness of roots to

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do root and soil characteristics affect the erosion-reducing potential of plant species?

Vannoppen

Baets

Keeble

et al. 2017

Ecological Engineering

132

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“…Moreover, Won et al (2012) reported that substantial decreases in the sediment concentration under treatment with straw mat cover was due to reduced runoff, thereby minimizing the overland flow transport capacity. Furthermore, the wheat roots played an important role by reinforcing the soil and increasing infiltration (Katuwal et al, 2013;Shinohara et al, 2016), which reduced the sediment concentration and sediment losses under WS. Our results showed that TP disturbed the surface soil, which increased the available sediment source and the likelihood of soil being detached and transported by raindrops and overland flow.…”

Section: Soil Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of wheat stubble on runoff, infiltration, and erosion of farmland in the Loess Plateau, China subjected to simulated rainfall

Wang¹,

Ma²,

Wu³

2016

Preprint

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Abstract. Soil and water losses in agriculture are major environmental problems worldwide, especially on the Loess Plateau, China. Summer fallow management may help to control soil erosion and conserve water. This study investigated the effects of wheat stubble on runoff, infiltration, and soil loss in laboratory plots under simulated rainfall. The treatments comprised wheat stubble cover (WS) and traditional plowing (TP) in runoff plots (4.0 m × 1.0 m) with three slope gradients (5°, 10°, and 15°) under simulated rainfall at 80 mm h−1 for 1 h. The runoff volume from WS plots was significantly less than that from TP. The runoff reduction with WS ranged from 91.92–92.83 % compared with TP. The runoff rates varied with the runoff volume in the same manner. Under WS, sediment losses (2.41–3.78 g m−2) were reduced dramatically compared with TP (304.31–731.23 g m−2). The sediment concentration was also significantly lower with WS than TP. The infiltration amount was higher with WS (94.8–96.2 % of rainwater infiltrated) than TP (35.4–57.1 %). Thus, stubble cover can help to control erosion and conserve soil and water resources.

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“…Quinton, Govers, Van Oost, & Bardgett (2010) reported that topsoil erosion decreased 23–42 Tg of N, 2.1–3.9 Tg of organic P, and 12.5–22.5 Tg of inorganic P per year globally. Plants obtain nutrients from soil mainly through roots; however, root growth in the soil varies with soil physical, chemical, and biological properties (Herbrich et al, 2018; Shinohara, Otani, Kubota, Otsuki, & Nanko, 2016; Wang, Xie, Liu, Zhao, & Zhang, 2015). It has been reported that a reduction of topsoil thickness caused by soil erosion results in decreases in soil organic matter (Li et al, 2019; Liu, Han, Song, Herbert, & Xing, 2003; Miao et al, 2019; Srinivasan, Maheswarappa, & Lal, 2012), available nutrients (Bakker et al, 2004; Sui et al, 2013; Xiong, Yin, & Ji, 2018), and root development (Graveel et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing topsoil depth decreases the yield and nutrient uptake of maize and soybean grown in a glacial till

et al. 2021

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Soil erosion decreases topsoil depth on hill slopes and increases depth in depositional areas, and hence impacts soil fertility and crop productivity in agricultural systems. However, it is not clearly elucidated how different crop species adapt to soil erosion regarding root function, nutrient uptake, and rhizosphere biochemical properties, which is pivotal to cropping strategy. We established three simulated erosion severities with topsoil depths of 10, 20, and 30 cm on a Mollisol farmland under a maizesoybean rotation system with no-tillage (zero-tillage). After three consecutive years of field experiment, the decrease in topsoil thickness from 30 to 10 cm resulted in 9-22% decrease in maize yield but no impact on soybean yield. Compared to the 30-and 20-cm topsoil thickness, the 10-cm topsoil significantly lowered root and shoot biomass of maize at the jointing (V7) and milk stages (R3) and of soybean at the mid-seed filling stage (R6). Compared to the 30-cm topsoil treatment, the 10-cm topsoil decreased available N and P in soil by 42 and 36% under maize, and by 25 and 19% under soybean, respectively, while the shallow topsoil also decreased ratios of N, P, and K content to root length with the decreases being less for maize than soybean. Compared to the 30-cm topsoil depth, the 10-and 20-cm topsoil significantly increased the activities of urease, phosphatase, and invertase in maize rhizosphere soil, but not in soybean rhizosphere soil except for the activity of urease in 10-cm topsoil. These results indicated that maize was more sensitive to thinning of topsoil than soybean due to the reduced soil nutrient availability and its capability to extract nutrients from the soil. The greater stimulation of nutrient mineralization processes in soil did not alleviate the nutrient constraint to maize yield under shallow topsoil conditions. Thus, it is increasingly important to develop fertilization strategy to maintain nutrient supply for maize rather than soybean when these crops are grown in the shallow topsoil.

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Effects of plant roots on the soil erosion rate under simulated rainfall with high kinetic energy

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

How do root and soil characteristics affect the erosion-reducing potential of plant species?

How do root and soil characteristics affect the erosion-reducing potential of plant species?

Effects of wheat stubble on runoff, infiltration, and erosion of farmland in the Loess Plateau, China subjected to simulated rainfall

Reducing topsoil depth decreases the yield and nutrient uptake of maize and soybean grown in a glacial till

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