Effects of Plant Extracts as Pre-Milking Dairy Cow Teat Sanitizer

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites and their control in sheep and goats of the three villages of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Faecal samples (n=347 each) were analyzed through McMaster egg counting technique. The comparative efficacy of the oral formulations of ivermectin (KEPROMAC ORAL ® Holland) and levamisole (Nilverm ® Pakistan) was evaluated at the recommended doses. Faecal samples were obtained directly from the recta at 1 st , 7 th , 14 th and 21 st day after treatment. The overall prevalence of the GI parasites was 81.27% in sheep and 54.47% in goats. Intrinsic determinants like age, sex and breed were found significantly (P≤0.05) associated. Among various husbandry practices; grazing, hygienic conditions, housing systems, floor pattern and animal keeping system have shown significant effects (P≤0.05). The post treatment Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) indicated reduction of eggs up to day 14 followed by increase at 21 st day in both species. The efficacy of ivermectin was higher as compared to levamisole-treated group. However, the treated groups indicated significant reduction as compared to untreated control. The study provided the better choice of drug for preventive and/or therapeutic management of GI parasitism in sheep and goat populations of the selected villages of Faisalabad district,

Potential use of garlic products in ruminant feeding: A review

“…Further studies are required to reveal the accurate mechanism underlying the effects of garlic products on cheese quality ( Rossi et al., 2018 ). Use of garlic water extract as a pre-milking dairy cow teat sanitizer can significantly lower bacterial counts in teats and milk, producing high-quality milk for consumers ( Mureza et al., 2021 ). Furthermore, cow and camel yogurt made with 85 mL of full cream milk, 5 g of starting culture and 10 mL of garlic water extract was found to have stronger antioxidant activities than those made without garlic water extract ( Shori and Baba, 2014 ).…”