Effects of Plant Epicuticular Lipids on Insect Herbivores

Eigenbrode, and S D; Espelie, Karl E.

doi:10.1146/annurev.en.40.010195.001131

Cited by 447 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

110

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The low ratio of intense damage to overall leaf damage on the well-watered plants contrasts with that observed on water-stressed plants, where mites tend to feed preferentially in protected sites on the leaf surface, spreading only as the damaged агеа becomes unsuitable (Wilson, 1994). Other changes induced by water deficit that may influence leaf suitability for mites include: first -more, and qualitatively different, epicuticular waxes (Bondada et al, 1996) that аге known to influence herbivory (Eigenbrode & Espelie, 1995); and second -changes in concentration of nutrients and of secondary metabolites in plant tissues, often invoked to explain differences in herbivore responses to host plant water status (Jones & Coleman, 1991). The distribution of density and fecundity of spider mites on soybean leaves was found in this study to be vertical as their numbers were higher on the upper and middle leaves of both water-stressed and well-irrigated plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development and reproduction of spider mites Tetranychus turkestani (Acari: Tetranychidae) under water deficit condition in soybeans

Nikolova

Georgieva

Naydenova

2014

Pesticidi i fitomedicina

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYOne of the major pests of soybeans in Bulgaria is the spider mite Tetranychus turkestani Ug et Nik (Acari: Tetranychidae) and different results have been reported about the impact of water stress on its development and reproduction. Soybean plants exposed to natural infestation by spider mites, water deficit and treatment with imidacloprid were examined under greenhouse conditions at the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria, over the period 2011-2012. The development of mites and their eggs was faster when plants were exposed to water deficit, which created favorable conditions for high density and reproduction of T. turkestani. There was a vertical distribution of protonymphs, deutonymphs and adults as their numbers and egg counts were significantly higher under conditions of water deficit on the upper and middle plant parts, compared with their bottom parts, and imidacloprid treatment had a stronger and more prolonged activity against mites, compared to its influence on well-watered plants. Spider mites on water-stressed plants caused a 24.8% reduction in the contents of plastid pigments, and carotenoids, and 21.5% decrease on well-watered plants.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development and reproduction of spider mites Tetranychus turkestani (Acari: Tetranychidae) under water deficit condition in soybeans

Nikolova

Georgieva

Naydenova

2014

Pesticidi i fitomedicina

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lombarkia and Derridj (2008) found that variations in the proportional representation of fructose, sorbitol and myo-inositol could explain differences in oviposition by Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on resistant and susceptible apple cultivars. Epicuticular waxes can also act as insect feeding and oviposition stimulants -as well as deterrents (Eigenbrode and Espelie 1995;Schoonhoven et al 2005). For example, foliar waxes from wheat leaves act as attractants and oviposition stimulants of female hessian flies (Foster and Harris 1992;Morris et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicuticular waxes and plant primary metabolites on the surfaces of juvenile Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens (Myrtaceae) leaves

Steinbauer

Davies²,

Gaertner³

et al. 2009

Aust. J. Bot.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Our knowledge of the composition of the waxes on the surfaces of Eucalyptus leaves is growing but that of plant primary metabolites has been completely overlooked. The diffusion of primary metabolites above the cuticle exposes them to a variety of herbivorous taxa and has the potential to influence their responses to that plant. Juvenile leaves of two families of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ssp. globulus and two families of E. nitens (Deane & Maiden) Maiden had 11 out of 16 of the epicuticular waxes that were detected in common. However, two phenylethyl esters (waxes) were only detected on leaves of one family of E. globulus and two benzyl esters (waxes) were not detected or were uncommon in samples from E. nitens. Wax compounds were generally found in samples from both leaf surfaces but a few were only detected in samples from particular sides. Species and families of eucalypt did not differ significantly in the concentrations of free sugars, polyols, malic acid or g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (all plant primary metabolites) collected from the surfaces of leaves. However, concentrations of all these metabolites were usually higher in collections from the upper surfaces of leaves. High wax abundance, especially on the lower surfaces of E. globulus leaves, is suspected to have hindered dissolution of all the primary metabolites quantified. Several free amino acids exhibited significant species-level differences in concentrations, namely the aromatic, amide and sulfur-containing amino acids as well as proline; family-level differences in amino acid concentrations were not significant. Australian and overseas evidence showing that differences in waxes and primary metabolites can be influential in plant susceptibility to herbivorous taxa is considered with respect to the threats posed by the autumn gum moth and Mycosphaerella leaf spot fungi.

show abstract

“…It has also been shown to be part of the plant's defense against biotic stresses. In particular, its chemical makeup and abundance are known to affect resistance to insects (3)(4)(5). Wax production is under developmental as well as environmental control: developmental stage, tissue type, and humidity changes, for example, are known to affect its accumulation (6)(7)(8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

WIN1, a transcriptional activator of epidermal wax accumulation inArabidopsis

Broun

Poindexter

Osborne

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

362

363

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epicuticular wax forms a layer of hydrophobic material on plant aerial organs, which constitutes a protective barrier between the plant and its environment. We report here the identification of WIN1, an Arabidopsis thaliana ethylene response factor-type transcription factor, which can activate wax deposition in overexpressing plants. We constitutively expressed WIN1 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, and found that leaf epidermal wax accumulation was up to 4.5-fold higher in these plants than in control plants. A significant increase was also found in stems. Interestingly, Ϸ50% of the additional wax could only be released by complete lipid extractions, suggesting that not all of the wax is superficial. Gene expression analysis indicated that a number of genes, such as CER1, KCS1, and CER2, which are known to be involved in wax biosynthesis, were induced in WIN1 overexpressors. This observation indicates that induction of wax accumulation in transgenic plants is probably mediated through an increase in the expression of genes encoding enzymes of the wax biosynthesis pathway.

show abstract

Effects of Plant Epicuticular Lipids on Insect Herbivores

Cited by 447 publications

References 57 publications

Development and reproduction of spider mites Tetranychus turkestani (Acari: Tetranychidae) under water deficit condition in soybeans

Development and reproduction of spider mites Tetranychus turkestani (Acari: Tetranychidae) under water deficit condition in soybeans

Epicuticular waxes and plant primary metabolites on the surfaces of juvenile Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens (Myrtaceae) leaves

WIN1, a transcriptional activator of epidermal wax accumulation inArabidopsis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About