Effects of Plant-Community Composition on the Vectorial Capacity and Fitness of the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Stone, Chris; Jackson, Bryan T.; Foster, Woodbridge A.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0123

Cited by 42 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…We would predict, however, that the biting rate of A. gambiae would be higher when not supported by the correct proportion of glucose and fructose in its diet. Indeed, previous studies have shown that mosquitoes are more likely to forage for blood meals in mesocosms with plants producing nectar with low sugar concentrations (Stone et al 2012). The present study suggests that mosquito longevity and biting behaviour depend not only on the abundance of sugar sources, but also on sugar quality.…”

Section: Sugar Diet Influences the Biting Behaviour Of Female A Gambiaementioning

confidence: 61%

“…Females of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu stricto, with access to plant sugars have a longer lifespan when fed carbohydrates but their biting rate is depressed compared to those with access to blood alone or to plants producing low amounts of nectar (Gary and Foster 2001;Stone et al 2011Stone et al , 2012. Sugar is generally preferred over a blood meal by female A. gambiae 2-4 days following emergence, possibly to increase their lifespan (Stone et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Sugar-sensitive neurone responses and sugar feeding preferences influence lifespan and biting behaviours of the Afrotropical malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

2015

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Floral nectar is the main source of carbohydrates for many insects including mosquitoes. Nonetheless, the physiological mechanisms underlying feeding on carbohydrates by the Afrotropical malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae remain poorly understood. Here, we tested whether sugar sensitivity and sugar feeding preferences correlate with longevity in A. gambiae. We also tested whether feeding females on different sugar diets influences their biting behaviours. Electrophysiological recordings show that sugar neurones on the labella of females are most sensitive to sucrose, mixtures of glucose and fructose, and to melezitose; other sugars tested, including glucose and fructose presented alone, only weakly activate these taste neurones. Mosquitoes survive longest on sucrose, the most preferred sugar. Whereas feeding on a mixture of glucose and fructose is preferred over fructose or glucose alone, fructose supports higher longevity than either glucose or the mixture of the two hexoses. Females that had previously fed on glucose show a stronger biting response than those fed on sucrose, perhaps in an effort to compensate for their lower energetic state. These findings contribute to our understanding of the physiological basis of sugar feeding in A. gambiae and indicate how the sugar diet can affect laboratory-reared A. gambiae biting behaviours.

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Section: Sugar Diet Influences the Biting Behaviour Of Female A Gambiaementioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sugar-sensitive neurone responses and sugar feeding preferences influence lifespan and biting behaviours of the Afrotropical malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

2015

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“…Mortality is based on mesocosm data from Stone et al . [23], and a Gompertz-Makeham survival function [45], so that the male age-specific survival probability is …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of mortality costs in conjunction with a reduced competitiveness is investigated. An interaction between mosquito life history traits that could be important to sterile male releases is that both male and female survivorship is usually better described by age-dependent rather than exponential functions [21], [22], [23] and that male mating capability also depends on age and size [24], [25], [26], [27]. While for mass production it may be more convenient to release pupae or newly emerged mosquitoes, if the mating capabilities of males increase over the first week of life it may be more efficient to store the males in a low-mortality lab for 5–6 d before release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Population Dynamics of Mosquitoes during Sterile Male Releases: Modelling Mating Behaviour and Perturbations of Life History Parameters

Stone

2013

PLoS ONE

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The release of genetically-modified or sterile male mosquitoes offers a promising form of mosquito-transmitted pathogen control, but the insights derived from our understanding of male mosquito behaviour have not fully been incorporated into the design of such genetic control or sterile-male release methods. The importance of aspects of male life history and mating behaviour for sterile-male release programmes were investigated by projecting a stage-structured matrix model over time. An elasticity analysis of transient dynamics during sterile-male releases was performed to provide insight on which vector control methods are likely to be most synergistic. The results suggest that high mating competitiveness and mortality costs of released males are required before the sterile-release method becomes ineffective. Additionally, if released males suffer a mortality cost, older males should be released due to their increased mating capacity. If released males are of a homogenous size and size-assortative mating occurs in nature, this can lead to an increase in the abundance of large females and reduce the efficacy of the population-suppression effort. At a high level of size-assortative mating, the disease transmission potential of the vector population increases due to male releases, arguing for the release of a heterogeneously-sized male population. The female population was most sensitive to perturbations of density-dependent components of larval mortality and female survivorship and fecundity. These findings suggest source reduction might be a particularly effective complement to mosquito control based on the sterile insect technique (SIT). In order for SIT to realize its potential as a key component of an integrated vector-management strategy to control mosquito-transmitted pathogens, programme design of sterile-male release programmes must account for the ecology, behaviour and life history of mosquitoes. The model used here takes a step in this direction and can easily be modified to investigate additional aspects of mosquito behaviour or species-specific ecology.

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“…Ricinus communis is one of the plants An. gambiae prefers to take nectar from [114–116]. The extracts containing phenolics from Ricinus communis showed significant free radical scavenging activity [117].…”

Section: Plant Derived Polyphenols and Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of metagenomic interplay on the mosquito redox homeostasis

Champion

2017

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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Mosquitoes are exposed to oxidative challenges throughout their life cycle. The primary challenge comes from a blood meal. The blood digestion turns the midgut into an oxidative environment, which imposes pressure not only on mosquito fecundity and other physiological traits but also on the microbiota in the midgut. During evolution, mosquitoes have developed numerous oxidative defense mechanisms to maintain redox homeostasis in the midgut. In addition to antioxidants, SOD, catalase, and glutathione system, sufficient supply of the reducing agent, NADPH, is vital for a successful defense against oxidative stress. Increasing evidence indicates that in response to oxidative stress, cells reconfigure metabolic pathways to increase the generation of NADPH through NADP-reducing networks including the pentose phosphate pathway and others. The microbial homeostasis is critical for the functional contributions to various host phenotypes. The symbiotic microbiota is regulated largely by the Duox-ROS pathway in Drosophila. In mosquitoes, Duox-ROS pathway, heme-mediated signaling, antimicrobial peptide production and C-type lectins work in concert to maintain the dynamic microbial community in the midgut. Microbial mechanisms against oxidative stress in this context are not well understood. Emerging evidence that microbial metabolites trigger host oxidative response warrants further study on the metagenomic interplay in an oxidative environment like mosquito gut ecosystem. Besides the classical Drosophila model, hematophagous insects like mosquitoes provide an alternative model system to study redox homeostasis in a symbiotic metagenomic context.

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Effects of Plant-Community Composition on the Vectorial Capacity and Fitness of the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Cited by 42 publications

References 44 publications

Sugar-sensitive neurone responses and sugar feeding preferences influence lifespan and biting behaviours of the Afrotropical malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

Sugar-sensitive neurone responses and sugar feeding preferences influence lifespan and biting behaviours of the Afrotropical malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

Transient Population Dynamics of Mosquitoes during Sterile Male Releases: Modelling Mating Behaviour and Perturbations of Life History Parameters

The impact of metagenomic interplay on the mosquito redox homeostasis

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