Effects of PKF275-055, a dipeptidyl peptidase–4 inhibitor, on the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E–null mice

A Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor but not Incretins Suppresses Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Angiotensin II-Infused Apolipoprotein E-Null Mice

“…Although in our previous studies, DPP-4I and incretins reduced atherosclerotic plaque development in Apoe / mice [8][9][10] , these effects were not observed in Ang -infused Apoe / mice. In this study, DPP- …”

“…Chronic inflammation triggers a cascade of events, such as inflammatory cell invasion, increased cytokine, and chemokine release, and abnormal regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), ultimately resulting in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis and disruption of the elastic lamina 7) . We previously reported that administration of native glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, native glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), or a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor (DPP-4I) significantly suppressed atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic wall of apolipoprotein E-null (Apoe / ) mice, a representative animal model of atherosclerosis [8][9][10] . Furthermore, incretin-related agents exert antiinflammatory effects in vascular endothelial cells, VSMCs, and monocytes/macrophages 9) .…”

Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Stimulates Osteopontin Expression in the Vasculature via Endothelin-1 and CREB

“…Adding complexity to the vascular effects of GIP, recent studies of dyslipidemic apolipoprotein E knockout mice suggested antiatherogenic effects of GIP or DPP-IV inhibition, apparently via decreased CD36 expression in macrophages and decreased foam cell formation (68)(69)(70). In this mouse model, treatment with GIP significantly reduced plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentrations, which could in part explain the reduced CD36 and macrophage foam cell formation (71).…”

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Suppresses the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Implications for Preventive Effects on Atherosclerosis

“…After the 4-week infusion period, the 21-week-old apoE / mice were anesthetized with diethyl ether, drained of blood via the descending vena cava, and subjected to whole-body perfusion with PBS via a left ventricular cannula 13,[16][17][18][19] . The whole aorta was fixed by perfusion with PBS containing 4 paraformaldehyde, excised from the root to the abdominal area, and carefully stripped of connective and adipose tissues.…”