Effects of physical exercise on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Video-Based Behaviorally Coded Movement Assessment for Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities: Application in Leg Dribbling Performance

“…Studies have shown that because of physical limitations, people with ID are less agile than their typically developing peers [ 6 , 41 ]. They have problems receiving senses, delivering messages, initiating movement output, and an inability to pay attention; consequently, they may pause during movements, thus affecting agility [ 2 , 3 , 8 , 42 ]. The findings of this study are consistent with the above-mentioned study results.…”

What makes tics tick? Insights into Tourette syndrome

“…Chan et al. examine the effects of physical exercise in children with ADHD, highlighting the positive correlation between cognition and physical activity (PA) [ 15 ] [ Fig. 1 ].…”

“…PA exerts beneficial neurocognitive effects, including reduction in stress, anxiety, and depression, furthermore improving executive and memory functions [ 14 ]. PA does not only improve the blood flow to the brain, an appropriate exercise intervention also augments sensorimotor skills, increases self-confidence and improves social interaction skills in children [ 15 ].…”

Changing life styles for children with Tourette syndrome

“…Tourette syndrome (TS) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder presenting with tics as the hallmark in children with a prevalence rate of 0.5–2% [ 1 , 2 ]. TS is often comorbid with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ 3 ], obsessive compulsive disorder, self-injurious behavior, sleep disorder [ 4 ], and developmental coordination disorder [ 5 , 6 ]. Most children with TS have excessive brain activities with ordinary or not appropriately active coordination systems perhaps due to the structural and functional changes in their basal ganglia and/or cerebellum [ 7 ].…”

“…Tics become the major form of physical activities of them. Based on this observation, large amount of physical activities may play a role in ameliorating tics in these particular children [ 3 , 9 , 10 ].…”