Effects of Physical and Environmental Factors on the Release Kinetics of Ethylene from (2-Chloroethyl)phosphonic Acid and (2-Chloroethyl)-methylbis(phenylmethoxy)silane

Abstract

Several environmental and physical factors affect the kinetics of ethylene release from (2-chloroethyDphosphonic acid and (2-chloroethyl)methylbis(phenylmethoxy)silane. Target surface chemistry exerted a strong influence on the evolution of ethylene from both compounds. Ethylene release from (2-chloroethyl)methylbis(phenylmethoxy) silane was slowed by glass and hydrophobic substances such as wax, surfactants in the spray solution, and high concentrations of the parent molecule, but not by epicuticular waxes on leaves. Ethylene evolution from (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid was inhibited by glass and high levels of epicuticular waxes. The rate of ethylene release from both compounds was positively correlated with temperature; however, ethylene released from (2-chloroethyl)methylbis(phenylmethoxy)silane was much less affected by temperature increases. Increases in light intensity promoted the initial release of ethylene from (2-chloroethyl)methylbis(phenylmethoxy)silane, but decreased long-term yield. Light intensity had no effect on the breakdown of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid.