Effects of physical activity on brain function and structure in older adults: A systematic review

Domingos, Célia; Pêgo, José M.; Santos, Nadine Correia

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113061

Cited by 77 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Their dietary pattern that was high in fat and sugar accompanied with sedentary lifestyle contributed to the risk of poor cognitive function (Shahar et al, 2019 ; Xu et al, 2017 ). For physical activity status, other study found similar finding (Woodard et al, 2012 ) whereby physical activity was found to be associated with larger brain volumes (fewer brain atrophy) specifically in brain regions vulnerable to dementia, comprising the hippocampus, temporal, and frontal regions based on the results from structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Domingos, Pego, & Santos, 2021 ). Next, for educational factor, this study found that respondents who do not refuse tertiary education (higher educational level) had statistically significant higher MoCA score as compared to those who refuse tertiary education (lower educational level).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Impact of Religious Activities on Quality of Life and Cognitive Function Among Elderly

et al. 2021

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Religiosity and spirituality have previously been found to have significant effects on mental and physical health. This study aimed to compare elderly people utilizing different types of religious activities in their daily routine and the effects upon their quality of life and cognitive function. A cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly people dwelling in suburban areas of Malaysia. The Malay version of Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Older Americans Resources and Services’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (OARS’s IADL), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaires were used in this study. Independent t test was utilized to determine the difference in the quality of life and the cognitive function between groups of elderly people that were categorized based on their level of participation in different religious activities. The study involved 432 participants. The mean score for all domain of SF-36 was significantly higher among those who engaged in the religious activities as compared to those elderly who were either less engaged or did not practice religious activities. The mean score of GDS-15, OARS’s IADL, and MoCA was also significantly higher among those who participated in religious activities. There was a significant impact on the quality of life and cognitive function among elderly people practicing religious activities. This study proved the importance of practicing religious activities among the elderly in achieving healthy aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Impact of Religious Activities on Quality of Life and Cognitive Function Among Elderly

et al. 2021

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“…Specifically, the metabolic level of the parietal area in patients with HF was reportedly reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers [ 51 , 52 ]. However, in HF patients with hibernating myocardium and impaired global left ventricular function, the metabolism of the frontal lobe area was compensatorily increased, while glucose metabolism of the hippocampus and parahippocampus, which are vulnerable to dementia, was decreased, leading to memory loss [ 50 , 53 ]. These differential changes in metabolic activity were related to self-regulation efficiency in different areas [ 54 ].…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Cognitive Dysfunction After Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity function, the metabolism of the frontal lobe area was compensatorily increased, while glucose metabolism of the hippocampus and parahippocampus, which are vulnerable to dementia, was decreased, leading to memory loss [50,53]. These differential changes in metabolic activity were related to self-regulation efficiency in different areas [54].…”

Section: Blood Perfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Dysfunction after Heart Disease: A Manifestation of the Heart‐Brain Axis

Tao

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The functions of the brain and heart, which are the two main supporting organs of human life, are closely linked. Numerous studies have expounded the mechanisms of the brain-heart axis and its related clinical applications. However, the effect of heart disease on brain function, defined as the heart-brain axis, is less studied even though cognitive dysfunction after heart disease is one of its most frequently reported manifestations. Hypoperfusion caused by heart failure appears to be an important risk factor for cognitive decline. Blood perfusion, the immune response, and oxidative stress are the possible main mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction, indicating that the blood-brain barrier, glial cells, and amyloid-β may play active roles in these mechanisms. Clinicians should pay more attention to the cognitive function of patients with heart disease, especially those with heart failure. In addition, further research elucidating the associated mechanisms would help discover new therapeutic targets to intervene in the process of cognitive dysfunction after heart disease. This review discusses cognitive dysfunction in relation to heart disease and its potential mechanisms.

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“…Our findings are in line with a previous study reporting strengthened connectivity between regions involved in the sensorimotor network, cerebellar and visual network, following a 13-week cognitive and motor skills training intervention ( Demirakca et al, 2016 ). Task based fMRI has also highlighted a greater BOLD response in regions involved in these networks ( Domingos et al, 2021 ). For example, the supplementary motor areas, precentral gyrus, angular gyrus and supramarginal gyrus were among the areas to demonstrate greater BOLD activation during a famous face recognitions task, in a group of adults (age range = 65 to 85) reporting high physical activity levels ( n = 34) relative to a low physical activity group ( n = 34, Smith et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leisure Activities and Their Relationship With MRI Measures of Brain Structure, Functional Connectivity, and Cognition in the UK Biobank Cohort

Anatürk

Suri

Smith

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate whether engagement in leisure activities is linked to measures of brain structure, functional connectivity, and cognition in early old age.Methods: We examined data collected from 7,152 participants of the United Kingdom Biobank (UK Biobank) study. Weekly participation in six leisure activities was assessed twice and a cognitive battery and 3T MRI brain scan were administered at the second visit. Based on responses collected at two time points, individuals were split into one of four trajectory groups: (1) stable low engagement, (2) stable weekly engagement, (3) low to weekly engagement, and (4) weekly to low engagement.Results: Consistent weekly attendance at a sports club or gym was associated with connectivity of the sensorimotor functional network with the lateral visual (β = 0.12, 95%CI = [0.07, 0.18], FDR q = 2.48 × 10–3) and cerebellar (β = 0.12, 95%CI = [0.07, 0.18], FDR q = 1.23 × 10–4) networks. Visiting friends and family across the two timepoints was also associated with larger volumes of the occipital lobe (β = 0.15, 95%CI = [0.08, 0.21], FDR q = 0.03). Additionally, stable and weekly computer use was associated with global cognition (β = 0.62, 95%CI = [0.35, 0.89], FDR q = 1.16 × 10–4). No other associations were significant (FDR q > 0.05).Discussion: This study demonstrates that not all leisure activities contribute to cognitive health equally, nor is there one unifying neural signature across diverse leisure activities.

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Effects of physical activity on brain function and structure in older adults: A systematic review

Cited by 77 publications

References 61 publications

Impact of Religious Activities on Quality of Life and Cognitive Function Among Elderly

Impact of Religious Activities on Quality of Life and Cognitive Function Among Elderly

Cognitive Dysfunction after Heart Disease: A Manifestation of the Heart‐Brain Axis

Leisure Activities and Their Relationship With MRI Measures of Brain Structure, Functional Connectivity, and Cognition in the UK Biobank Cohort

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