Effects of pH on Blood Flow and Peripheral Resistance in Muscular and Cutaneous Vascular Beds in the Hind Limb of the Pentobarbitalized Dog

Déal, Cécile; Green, Harold D.

doi:10.1161/01.res.2.2.148

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, we can only speculate whether any of the metabolic abnormalities were responsible for endothelium dysfunction. A vasodilation in response to acidosis occurs in many vascular beds of the mammalian tissue (40). Blood pH in our mildly ketotic type 1 diabetic patients was 7.36, significantly lower than that observed in control subjects or during euglycemia.…”

contrasting

confidence: 65%

Effect of acute ketosis on the endothelial function of type 1 diabetic patients: the role of nitric oxide.

Avogaro

Calò²,

Piarulli³

et al. 1999

Diabetes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In type 1 diabetic patients, acute loss of metabolic control is associated with increased blood flow, which is believed to favor the development of long-term complications. The mechanisms for inappropriate vasodilation are partially understood, but a role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) production can be postulated. We assessed, in type 1 diabetic patients, the effect of the acute loss of metabolic control and its restoration on forearm endothelial function in 13 type 1 diabetic patients who were studied under conditions of mild ketosis on two different occasions. In study 1, after basal determination, a rapid amelioration of the metabolic picture was obtained by insulin infusion. In study 2, seven type 1 diabetic patients underwent the same experimental procedure, except that fasting plasma glucose was maintained constant throughout. Basal plasma venous concentrations of nitrites/nitrates (NO2- + NO3-) were determined both before and after intravenous insulin infusion. Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation of the brachial artery was assessed by an intra-arterial infusion of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively. The same parameters were determined in 13 control subjects at baseline conditions and during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glucose clamp. Baseline forearm blood flow (4.89 +/- 0.86 vs. 3.65 +/- 0.59 ml x (100 ml tissue)(-1) x min(-1)) and NO2- + NO3- concentration (30 +/- 8 vs. 24 +/- 3 micromol/l) were higher in type 1 diabetic patients than in control subjects (P < 0.05). Insulin infusion was associated with lower forearm blood flow and plasma (NO2- + NO3-) concentration (P < 0.05), irrespective of the prevailing glucose levels, as compared with patients under ketotic conditions. The responses to L-NMMA were significantly lower in type 1 diabetic patients during euglycemia and hyperglycemic hyperinsulinemia (-11 +/- 5 and -10 +/- 4%, respectively, of the ratio of the infused arm to the control arm) than in control subjects at baseline (-18 +/- 6%, P < 0.05) and during hyperinsulinemia (-32 +/- 11%, P < 0.01). We conclude that the acute loss of metabolic control is associated with a functional disturbance of the endothelial function characterized by hyperemia and increased NO release during ketosis and blunted NO-mediated vasodilatory response during restoration of metabolic control by intravenous insulin. This functional alteration is unlikely to be explained by hyperglycemia itself.

show abstract

contrasting

confidence: 65%

Effect of acute ketosis on the endothelial function of type 1 diabetic patients: the role of nitric oxide.

Avogaro

Calò²,

Piarulli³

et al. 1999

Diabetes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We were surprised to observe that mice receiving FRBCs for resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock had a small but significantly higher MAP immediately after transfusion as compared to mice that received SRBCs 37,38 . Acidosis is associated with vessel dilatation and decrease in systemic peripheral resistance 39 . When SRBCs are transfused for resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock, the vasodilatory effect of acidosis during and immediately after transfusion might overwhelm any vasoconstrictor effect caused by NO-scavenging by cell-free hemoglobin 38,40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptoglobin or Hemopexin Therapy Prevents Acute Adverse Effects of Resuscitation After Prolonged Storage of Red Cells

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Extracellular hemoglobin and cell-free heme are toxic breakdown products of hemolyzed erythrocytes. Mammals synthesize the scavenger proteins haptoglobin and hemopexin, which bind extracellular hemoglobin and heme respectively. Transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) is a life-saving therapy for patients with hemorrhagic shock. Because erythrocytes undergo progressive deleterious morphological and biochemical changes during storage, transfusion of PRBCs that have been stored for prolonged intervals (SRBCs; stored for 35–40 days in humans or 14 days in mice) increases plasma levels of cell-free hemoglobin and heme. Therefore, in patients with hemorrhagic shock, perfusion-sensitive organs such as the kidneys are challenged not only by hypoperfusion, but also by the high concentrations of plasma hemoglobin and heme that are associated with the transfusion of SRBCs. Methods To test whether treatment with exogenous human haptoglobin or hemopexin can ameliorate adverse effects of resuscitation with SRBCs after two hours of hemorrhagic shock, mice receiving SRBCs were given a co-infusion of haptoglobin, hemopexin or albumin. Results Treatment with haptoglobin or hemopexin but not albumin improved the survival rate and attenuated SRBC-induced inflammation. Treatment with haptoglobin retained free hemoglobin in the plasma and prevented SRBC-induced hemoglobinuria and kidney injury. In mice resuscitated with fresh PRBCs, treatment with haptoglobin, hemopexin, or albumin did not cause harmful effects. Conclusions In mice the adverse effects of transfusion with SRBCs after hemorrhagic shock are ameliorated by treatment with either haptoglobin or hemopexin. Haptoglobin infusion prevents kidney injury associated with high plasma hemoglobin concentrations after resuscitation with SRBCs. Treatment with the naturally occurring human plasma proteins haptoglobin or hemopexin may have beneficial effects in conditions of severe hemolysis following prolonged hypotension.

show abstract

“…These methods may be classified into 4 types. The types are change of cation content generally within an animal while observing blood pressure, blood flow or resistance to flow, 1 " 11 local change of cation concentration in blood while observing flow of blood or resistance to flow, 12 change of concentration in an artificial fluid perfusing an isolated vascular bed while observing resistance to flow 13 " 10 and change of concentration in an artificial fluid surrounding an isolated large vessel while observing tension or length. 17 " 21 These methods do not conclusively indicate the direct effect of the cation upon the smooth muscle cell of the arteriole.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Effects of Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium Upon Small and Large Blood Vessels of the Dog Forelimb

Haddy

1960

Circulation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resistance to blood flow through the small vessels of the dog foreleg decreased following local elevation of serum sodium and magnesium concentrations. Small vessel resistance increased following elevation of calcium concentration. Associated with the former changes was decreased responsiveness to levarterenol and methacholine. These changes likely result from effects of the cations upon the smooth muscle cell of the arteriole.

show abstract

Effects of pH on Blood Flow and Peripheral Resistance in Muscular and Cutaneous Vascular Beds in the Hind Limb of the Pentobarbitalized Dog

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of acute ketosis on the endothelial function of type 1 diabetic patients: the role of nitric oxide.

Effect of acute ketosis on the endothelial function of type 1 diabetic patients: the role of nitric oxide.

Haptoglobin or Hemopexin Therapy Prevents Acute Adverse Effects of Resuscitation After Prolonged Storage of Red Cells

Local Effects of Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium Upon Small and Large Blood Vessels of the Dog Forelimb

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About