Effects of pH and ionic strength on sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin transport in saturated porous media

Assessing the sorption and leaching behaviour of three sulfonamides in pasture soils through batch and column studies

“…The transport of veterinary antibiotics in soils depends on several factors such as the chemical properties of the antibiotics, temperature, moisture content, ionic strength (Chen et al, 2011), soil physicochemical properties (Strauss et al, 2011), soil charge density, and contact time (Kurwadkar et al, 2011). Chemical properties such as water solubility, dissociation constants, sorption-desorption processes, stability, binding to the soils, and the partitioning coefficients at various pH values can all affect the mobility of antibiotics in the soil environment (Kurwadkar et al, 2011;Tolls, 2001;Unold et al, 2010).…”

Degradation of typical antibiotics during human feces aerobic composting under different temperatures

“…Antibiotics in the compost (Babić et al 2007) g (Chen et al 2011) samples were extracted using the methods documented by Białk-Bielińska et al (2009), Capone et al (1996 and Ho et al (2012) with modifications. Briefly, 1 g wet weight of solids was accurately weighed in a 50 mL centrifuge tube and spiked with 0.5 mL of 0.5 μg/mL internal standard (IS) mixtures.…”

Development of a polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) for the preconcentration of antibiotics in environmental water samples

“…It is worth noticing the good transport efficiency showed by SMX (pKa 1 ¼1.9 and pKa 2 ¼ 5.6), for which similar results were obtained for both neutral (pH 7) and basic (pH 9) feed solutions. Taking into consideration that SMX is an extensively used sulfonamide, commonly detected in streams and groundwater [6], and in view of the good results obtained at neutral pH, the proposed PIM can be viewed as a suitable semipermeable barrier to be used in a passive sampler for this antibiotic. Future studies will be conducted to test this possibility.…”

“…Due to their broad use and the fact that they cannot be totally metabolized after consumption (approximately only 30%) and completely removed by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) [4], antibiotics are present in environmental waters (e.g. rivers, ground water, sewage effluents, estuarine waters, and coastal waters) [5,6] where they have been detected in the range of ng L À 1 to mg L À 1 [2,5,[7][8][9]. Their presence is of concern because there is an increasing body of evidence about their adverse impact on the ecosystem and in particular their ability to induce bacterial resistance [8][9][10][11][12].…”