Effects of pesticides on photosynthesis

Murthy, C.S.H.N.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5473-7_3

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…We cannot dismiss the possibility that the insecticide treatment we used to reduce leaf miner densities contributed to the higher growth rate of sprayed plants, through eVects on physiology. However, in general, insecticides have a neutral or negative eVect on photosynthesis (Murthy 1983;Abdel-Reheem et al 1991;Youngman et al 1990;Krugh and Miles 1996). There is no evidence that spinosad, the pesticide used in our growth study, signiWcantly aVects gas exchange or yield relative to untreated controls (Haile et al 1999(Haile et al , 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Impact of epidermal leaf mining by the aspen leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) on the growth, physiology, and leaf longevity of quaking aspen

et al. 2008

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The aspen leaf miner, Phyllocnistis populiella, feeds on the contents of epidermal cells on both top (adaxial) and bottom (abaxial) surfaces of quaking aspen leaves, leaving the photosynthetic tissue of the mesophyll intact. This type of feeding is taxonomically restricted to a small subset of leaf mining insects but can cause widespread plant damage during outbreaks. We studied the effect of epidermal mining on aspen growth and physiology during an outbreak of P. populiella in the boreal forest of interior Alaska. Experimental reduction of leaf miner density across two sites and 3 years significantly increased annual aspen growth rates relative to naturally mined controls. Leaf mining damage was negatively related to leaf longevity. Leaves with heavy mining damage abscised 4 weeks earlier, on average, than leaves with minimal mining damage. Mining damage to the top and bottom surfaces of leaves had different effects on physiology. Mining on the top surface of the leaf had no significant effect on photosynthesis or conductance and was unrelated to leaf stable C isotope ratio (delta(13)C). Mining damage to the bottom leaf surface, where stomata are located, had significant negative effects on net photosynthesis and water vapor conductance. Percent bottom mining was positively related to leaf delta(13)C. Taken together, the data suggest that the primary mechanism for the reduction of photosynthesis by epidermal leaf mining by P. populiella is the failure of stomata to open normally on bottom-mined leaves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Impact of epidermal leaf mining by the aspen leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) on the growth, physiology, and leaf longevity of quaking aspen

et al. 2008

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“…Some important effects may only become apparent after repeated treatments and not necessarily translate into visible necrosis [11]. Different mechanisms have been described that explain the impact of pesticides on the photosynthesis process-the inhibition of the electron flow, the uncoupling of photophosphorylation, the solubilization of lipids, conformational changes [12,13], and/or mechanical effects [11]. Negative effects of applications of different pesticides on photosynthesis have been reported in a variety of crops, e.g., lettuce [14][15][16], cotton [17], alfalfa [18], citrus [19], strawberry [20], maize [21], peach [22], soybean [23], azalea [24], and pecan [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthesis Inhibiting Effects of Pesticides on Sweet Pepper Leaves

Giménez-Moolhuyzen

Blom

Lorenzo

et al. 2020

Insects

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Although a large number of pesticides of different compositions are regularly used in agriculture, the impact of pesticides on the physiology of field crops is not well understood. Pesticides can produce negative effects on crop physiology―especially on photosynthesis―leading to a potential decrease in both the growth and the yield of crops. To investigate these potential effects in greenhouse sweet peppers, the effect of 20 insecticides and 2 fungicides (each sprayed with a wetting agent) on the photosynthesis of sweet pepper leaves was analyzed. Among these pesticides, nine caused significant reductions in photosynthetic activity. The effects were observed in distinctive ways—either as a transitory drop of the photosynthetic-rate values, which was observed at two hours after the treatment and was found to have recovered after 24 h, or as a sustained reduction of these values, which remained substantial over a number of days. The results of this study suggest that the production of a crop may substantially benefit when the frequent use of pesticides can be substituted with alternative pest control methods (e.g., biological control). Our results advocate further investigation of the potential impact of pesticides, either alone or in combination, on the photosynthesis of crop plants.

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