Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors, Dietary Fat Intakes and Gene–Diet Interactions on Peak Particle Diameters of Low-Density Lipoproteins

Bouchard-Mercier, Annie; Godin, Gaston; Lamarche, Benoı̂t; Pérusse, Louis; Vohl, Marie‐Claude

doi:10.1159/000324531

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Total fat intakes expressed in grams/day were significantly higher for carriers of the Ala12 allele than for Pro12/Pro12 homozygotes (p = 0.04), as previously reported (table 2) [61]. When considering dietary fats in percentages of energy intakes, total fat and polyunsaturated fat were significantly higher for carriers of the Ala12 allele (p = 0.03 and 0.05, respectively).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Associations between Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dietary Fat Intakes

Bouchard-Mercier¹,

Paradis²,

Pérusse³

et al. 2012

Lifestyle Genomics

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Background: Obesity prevalence is growing in our population. Twin studies have estimated the heritability of dietary intakes to about 30%. The objective of this study was to verify whether polymorphisms in genes involved in fatty acid metabolism are associated with dietary fat intakes. Methods: Seven hundred participants were recruited. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes. PCR-RFLP and TAQMAN methodology were used to genotype PPARα Leu162Val, PPARγ Pro12Ala, PPARδ –87T>C, PPARGC1α Gly482Ser, FASN Val1483Ile and SREBF1 c.*619C>G. Statistical analyses were executed with SAS statistical package. Results: Carriers of the Ala12 allele of PPARγ Pro12Ala polymorphism had higher intakes of total fat (p = 0.04). For FASN Val1483Ile polymorphism, significant gene-sex interaction effects were found for total fat and saturated fat intakes (p = 0.02 and p = 0.002, respectively). No significant difference in fat intakes was observed for PPARα Leu162Val, PPARδ –87T>C, PPARGC1α Gly482Ser and SREBF1 c.*619C>G polymorphisms. Conclusions: Polymorphisms in PPARγ and FASN seem to be associated with dietary fat intakes. Genetic variants are important to take into account when studying dietary intakes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Associations between Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dietary Fat Intakes

Bouchard-Mercier¹,

Paradis²,

Pérusse³

et al. 2012

Lifestyle Genomics

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“…We, however, found no independent association of Ala12 with sdLDL proportion neither at baseline after run-in on HS diet, nor after 24 weeks on HM or LF diets. Bouchard-Mercier et al [48] found that high SFA intake was associated with larger LDL particle size in PPARA Leu162 homozygotes, compatible with other reports of reduced LDL particle size on switching from SFA-rich to MUFA-rich diets [25,26]. However, contrary to the general observation, in Val162 carriers, high SFA intake was associated with a higher proportion of sdLDL.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…As mentioned previously, dietary intervention studies have shown that variation in dietary fat and CHO can strongly influence expression of the small LDL phenotype [23], with high fat intake associated with an increase in large LDL and decrease in sdLDL. Bouchard-Mercier et al [48] found no significant change in LDL peak particle diameter in PPARG Pro12 homozygotes or Ala12 carriers after high SFA intake, but a significant increase in LDL peak particle diameter in Ala12 carriers after high intake of PUFA, which unlike SFA are PPARγ activators [38]. We, however, found no independent association of Ala12 with sdLDL proportion neither at baseline after run-in on HS diet, nor after 24 weeks on HM or LF diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PPARγ2 Gene Pro12Ala and PPARα Gene Leu162Val Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Interact with Dietary Intake of Fat in Determination of Plasma Lipid Concentrations

AlSaleh

Frost²,

Griffin³

et al. 2011

Lifestyle Genomics

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Background/Aims: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism, activated by unsaturated fatty acids. We investigated independent and interactive effects of PPARγ2 gene PPARG Pro12Ala (rs1801282) andPPARαgene PPARA Leu162Val (rs1800206) genotypes with dietary intake of fatty acids on concentrations of plasma lipids in subjects of whom 47.5% had metabolic syndrome. Methods: The RISCK study is a parallel design, randomised controlled trial. Plasma lipids were quantified at baseline after a 4-week high saturated fatty acids diet and after three parallel 24-week interventions with reference (high saturated fatty acids), high monounsaturated fatty acids and low-fat diets. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in 466 subjects. Results: At baseline, the PPARG Ala12allele was associated with increased plasma total cholesterol (n = 378; p = 0.04), LDL cholesterol (p = 0.05) and apoB (p =0.05) after adjustment for age, gender and ethnicity. At baseline, PPARA Leu162Val × PPARG Pro12Ala genotype interaction did not significantly influence plasma lipid concentrations. After dietary intervention, gene-gene interaction significantly influenced LDL cholesterol (p =0.0002) and small dense LDL as a proportion of LDL (p = 0.005) after adjustments. Conclusions: Interaction between PPARG Pro12Ala and PPARA Leu162Valgenotypes may influence plasma LDL cholesterol concentration and the proportion as small dense LDL after a high monounsaturated fatty acids diet.

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“…We utilized habitual intake at recruitment to investigate the effect of P:S ratio, as PUFA intake was constant in the subsequent interventions. A recent study has found interaction between PPARG Pro12Ala genotype with the intake of saturated fat as a determinant of LDL-C peak particle diameter ( 17 ). We used data from the interventions to investigate the specifi c effect of reduction in SFA with respect to PUFA intake in determination of plasma lipid concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of PPARG Pro12Ala with dietary fat influences plasma lipids in subjects at cardiometabolic risk

AlSaleh

O’Dell

Frost

et al. 2011

Journal of Lipid Research

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This article is available online at http://www.jlr.org increasing P:S (respectively, р 0.33 to >0.65; 0.34 to >0.65) in Ala12 allele carriers. There were no signifi cant differences between carriers and noncarriers after the 4-week HS diet or 24-week interventions. Plasma TC and TG concentrations in PPARG Ala12 allele carriers decrease as P:S increases, but they are not dependent on a reduction in SFA intake. The transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-␥ (PPAR ␥ ) is one of three PPARs and a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily ( 1 ). The major natural ligands are polyunsaturated fatty acids and prostanoids ( 2 ), suggesting a role in transducing nutritional to metabolic signals ( 3 ). An increase in PPAR ␥ mRNA in adipose tissue of mice exposed to a high-fat diet ( 4 ) suggested that dietary modulation might infl uence Abstract The PPAR ␥ 2 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Pro12Ala has shown variable association with metabolic syndrome traits in healthy subjects. The RISCK Study investigated the effect of interaction between genotype and the ratio of polyunsaturated:saturated (P:S) fatty acid intake on plasma lipids in 367 white subjects (ages 30-70 years) at increased cardiometabolic risk. Interaction was determined after habitual diet at recruitment, at baseline after a 4-week high-SFA (HS) diet, and after a 24-week reference (HS), high-MUFA (HM), or low-fat (LF) diet. At recruitment, there were no signifi cant associations between genotype and plasma lipids; however, P:S × genotype interaction infl uenced plasma total cholesterol (TC) ( P = 0.02), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) ( P = 0.002), and triglyceride (TG) ( P = 0.02) concentrations. At P:S ratio р 0.33, mean TC and LDL-C concentrations in Ala12 allele carriers were significantly higher than in noncarriers (respectively, P = 0.003; P = 0.0001). Signifi cant trends in reduction of plasma TC ( P = 0.02) and TG ( P = 0.002) concentrations occurred with This work was supported by the UK Food Standards Agency Project NO2031 (G.S.F., B.A.G., J.A.L., S.A.J., and T.A.B.S.) 's Global Nutrition Advisory Panel. T.A.B.S., B.A.G., J.A.L., S.A.J., and G.S.F purposes, including Archer Daniel Mills, Croda, Matthews Foods, Nestlé, PepsiCo, Jordan, GSK, and Unilever. A.A. and S.D.O. reported PPARG Pro12Ala, dietary fat and plasma lipids 2299 jects completed the study. Self-reported ethnicity was recorded as White, South Asian, Black African, or Other. Study designThe RISCK Study is a parallel 2 × 2 factorial design compared with a control intervention ( 16 ). At screening, unweighed 4-day food diaries (3 week days and 1 weekend day) were collected to record the habitual diet. Nutrient intakes were estimated by using the food-composition database software DINO as described previously ( 18 ). The intervention diets were planned to provide similar intakes of dietary energy but to vary in the amount and type of fats and carbohydrates. All participants followed a 4-week run-in period during which they consumed a high-saturated...

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Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors, Dietary Fat Intakes and Gene–Diet Interactions on Peak Particle Diameters of Low-Density Lipoproteins

Cited by 25 publications

References 92 publications

Associations between Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dietary Fat Intakes

Associations between Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dietary Fat Intakes

PPARγ2 Gene Pro12Ala and PPARα Gene Leu162Val Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Interact with Dietary Intake of Fat in Determination of Plasma Lipid Concentrations

Interaction of PPARG Pro12Ala with dietary fat influences plasma lipids in subjects at cardiometabolic risk

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