Effects of Pediatric Obesity on Joint Kinematics and Kinetics During 2 Walking Cadences

Shultz, Sarah P.; Sitler, Michael R.; Tierney, Ryan; Hillstrom, Howard J.; Song, Jinsup

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2009.07.024

Cited by 72 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…Indications of reduced postural control and inferior balance capacities in obese children provide further support for this point of view [2,9,12]. Carrying excess body weight while walking has been shown to increase the forces applied to the lower extremity joints, as well as the muscular strength needed to support the body and progress it forward [13][14][15]. Accordingly, the gait adaptations of obese children have also been associated with a possible lack of relative strength [7,10,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Carrying excess body weight while walking has been shown to increase the forces applied to the lower extremity joints, as well as the muscular strength needed to support the body and progress it forward [13][14][15]. Accordingly, the gait adaptations of obese children have also been associated with a possible lack of relative strength [7,10,13,14]. Some other research has suggested that obese children's poorer motor behaviour might be related to Previous research has suggested that perceptual-motor difficulties may account for obese children's lower motor competence; however, specific evidence is currently lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of vision in obese and normal-weight children's gait control

et al. 2011

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vision in obese and normal-weight children's gait control

et al. 2011

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“…Greater attention has been paid to metabolic cost of activity compared to biomechanical consequences of obesity [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body size and walking cadence affect lower extremity joint power in children's gait

et al. 2010

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Obese children move less and with greater difficulty than normal-weight counterparts but expend comparable energy. Increased metabolic costs have been attributed to poor biomechanics but few studies have investigated the influence of obesity on mechanical demands of gait. This study sought to assess three-dimensional lower extremity joint powers in two walking cadences in 28 obese and normal-weight children. 3D-motion analysis was conducted for five trials of barefoot walking at self-selected and 30% greater than self-selected cadences. Mechanical power was calculated at the hip, knee, and ankle in sagittal, frontal and transverse planes. Significant group differences were seen for all power phases in the sagittal plane, hip and knee power at weight acceptance and hip power at propulsion in the frontal plane, and knee power during mid-stance in the transverse plane. After adjusting for body weight, group differences existed in hip and knee power phases at weight acceptance in sagittal and frontal planes, respectively. Differences in cadence existed for all hip joint powers in the sagittal plane and frontal plane hip power at propulsion. Frontal plane knee power at weight acceptance and sagittal plane knee power at propulsion were significantly different between cadences. Larger joint powers in obese children contribute to difficulty performing locomotor tasks, potentially decreasing motivation to exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transverse plane analysis of obese/overweight children's feet have previously considered the foot as only one rigid segment [25]. Shultz et al, [25] reported reduced adduction, reported as external rotation, of the foot in overweight children compared to their healthy weight peers. Similar results were reported in an earlier study by Hills & Parker [26] which demonstrated greater external rotation of the foot, described by the authors as out-toeing, at all phases of the gait cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of body fat on three dimensional motion of the paediatric foot during walking

et al. 2016

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The impact of body fat on three dimensional motion of the paediatric foot during walking. Gait and Posture, 44. pp. 155-160. ISSN 0966-6362 Available from: http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/32624We recommend you cite the published version. The publisher's URL is: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.12.009Refereed: Yes (no note) Disclaimer UWE has obtained warranties from all depositors as to their title in the material deposited and as to their right to deposit such material. UWE makes no representation or warranties of commercial utility, title, or fitness for a particular purpose or any other warranty, express or implied in respect of any material deposited. UWE makes no representation that the use of the materials will not infringe any patent, copyright, trademark or other property or proprietary rights. UWE accepts no liability for any infringement of intellectual property rights in any material deposited but will remove such material from public view pending investigation in the event of an allegation of any such infringement. PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR TEXT. 1The impact of body fat on three dimensional motion of the paediatric foot during walking AbstractChildhood obesity is commonly associated with a pes planus foot type and altered lower limb joint function during walking. However, limited information has been reported on dynamic intersegment foot motion with the level of obesity in children. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between intersegment foot motion during gait and body fat in boys age 7 to 11 years.Fat mass was measured in fifty-five boys using air displacement plethysmography. Threedimensional gait analysis was conducted on the right foot of each participant using the 3DFoot model to capture angular motion of the shank, calcaneus, midfoot and metatarsals. Two multivariate statistical techniques were employed; principle component analysis reduced the multidimensional nature of gait analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis accounted for potential confounding factors.Higher fat mass predicted greater plantarflexion of the calcaneus during the first half and end of stance phase and at the end of swing phase. Greater abduction of the calcaneus throughout stance and swing was predicted by greater fat mass. At the midfoot, higher fat mass predicted greater dorsiflexion and eversion throughout the gait cycle.The findings present novel information on the relationships between intersegment angular motion of the foot and body fat in young boys. The data indicates a more pronated foot type in boys with greater body fat. These findings have clinical implications for pes planus and a predisposition for pain and discomfort during weight bearing activities potentially reducing motivation in obese children to be physically active.

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Effects of Pediatric Obesity on Joint Kinematics and Kinetics During 2 Walking Cadences

Cited by 72 publications

References 35 publications

The role of vision in obese and normal-weight children's gait control

The role of vision in obese and normal-weight children's gait control

Body size and walking cadence affect lower extremity joint power in children's gait

The impact of body fat on three dimensional motion of the paediatric foot during walking

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