Effects of pectin on fermentation characteristics, carbohydrate utilization, and microbial community composition in the gastrointestinal tract of weaning pigs

Tian, Lingmin; Bruggeman, Geert; Berg, Marco van den; Borewicz, Klaudyna; Scheurink, Antonius; Bruininx, E.M.A.M.; Vos, Paul de; Smidt, Hauke; Schols, Henk A.; Gruppen, Harry

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201600186

Cited by 110 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…A good gut microbiota is able to benefit the host by regulating physiological process and mucosal immunity such as suppressing proliferation of enteric pathogens [20], strengthening integrity of intestinal barrier on epithelial cells [21,22] and producing antimicrobial peptides in mucus layer [23]. In this study, Bacteroides and Firmicutes were the two dominant phyla, and Prevotella was the dominant bacterial species at the genus level, corresponding with the previous studies in which the most abundant phyla detected in the fecal samples of weaned piglets were Firmicutes and Bacteroides [24][25][26][27]. This research showed that Firmicutes abundance was increased in the CPB group but decreased in the antibiotic group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Dietary Supplementation with Compound Probiotics and Berberine Alters Piglet Production Performance and Fecal Microbiota

Yang

Chang

et al. 2020

Animals

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Simple Summary: In order to find antibiotic substitutes for weaned piglet health and growth, compound probiotics and berberine (CPB) were selected in this study. The results indicated that CPB could replace antibiotics to improve piglet health and decrease mortality, diarrhea and rejection rates. CPB was also able to regulate fecal microbiota as well as improve protein digestibility and serum biochemical parameters. Therefore, CPB might be a good antibiotic alternative in piglet production performance.Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with compound probiotics and berberine (CPB) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and fecal microflora in weaned piglets. A total of 200 piglets 35 days old were randomly allocated to 5 groups, 4 replications in each group, and 10 piglets in each replication. Group A was the basal diet; group B was supplemented with antibiotics and zinc oxide; groups C, D and E were supplemented with 0.06%, 0.12% and 0.18% CPB, respectively. The experimental period was 42 d. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion rate (FCR) among five groups (p > 0.05). However, mortality, diarrhea and rejection rates in the control group were higher than that in other groups. CPB could increase protein digestibility and serum IgG content (p < 0.05), while it could decrease serum urea nitrogen content and alkaline phosphatase activity (p < 0.05). Analysis of fecal microbiota showed that the relative abundances of Bacteroides and Firmicutes were increased, while the relative abundances of opportunistic pathogens such as Spirochaetae and Protebactreria were dramatically decreased in piglets fed with CPB or antibiotics, compared with the control group. Furthermore, CPB intervention increased the relative abundances of Prevotella_9, Megasphaera and Prevotella_2, while decreased the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group. Correlation analysis revealed that there was good correlation between serum indexes and fecal microbiota. It was suggested that CPB might be a promising antibiotic alternative for improving piglet health and immunity, decreasing mortality by positively altering gut microbiota.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Dietary Supplementation with Compound Probiotics and Berberine Alters Piglet Production Performance and Fecal Microbiota

Yang

Chang

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…The concentrations of SCFA, including acetate, propionate and butyrate in intestinal tract increased in varying degrees after extra addition of slowly digested carbohydrates in daily diets, such as resistant starch, 39) guar gum, 40) pectin, 41) inulin 42) and so on. In this study, acarbose and voglibose significantly increased butyrate concentration (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Effects on Intestinal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentration after Exposure of Two Glycosidase Inhibitors in Mice

Cai

et al. 2018

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Acarbose and voglibose are the most widely used diabetes drugs as glycosidase inhibitors. In this study, the use of these two inhibitors significantly increased the content of starch in large intestine, and altered the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by affecting the intestinal microbiota. However, there are some differences in the intestinal microbiome of the two groups of mice, mainly in bacteria such as Bacteroidaceae bacteroides and Desulfovibrionaceae desulfovibrio. The productions of acetate and propionate in caecum in voglibose group were significantly higher than those in acarbose group and two kinds of glycosidase inhibitors were close in the production of butyrate in caecum. The Tax4Fun analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) data indicated that different productions of acetate and propionate between acarbose group and voglibose group may be related to 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase and pyruvate oxidase. In addition, in-vitro experiments suggested that voglibose had less effect on epithelial cells than acarbose after direct stimulation. According to the recent researches of SCFAs produced by intestinal microbiota, our comparative study shown higher concentration of these beneficial fatty acids in the lumen of voglibose-treated mice, which implied a lower level of inflammation.Key words acarbose; voglibose; microbiota; short-chain fatty acid; Tax4FunWith the increasing number of obesity and diabetes around the world, there are more and more different classes of medications to treat diabetes, such as biguanides (metformin), sulfonylureas, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors, thiazolidinediones and sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (to name a few). 1) However, acarbose and voglibose as part of α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are another class of anti-diabetic medications. As first-line hypoglycemic drugs used in patients with type 2 diabetes especially in Asian since their diet meals contain high content of carbohydrates, acarbose and voglibose can typically reduce postprandial glucose level by delaying carbohydrate digestion in the gut, so they can be a useful treatment in the patients who raised basal glucose concentrations slightly and marked postprandial hyperglycemia. 2) In addition, there will also be some side effects, mainly reflected in gastrointestinal flatulence, loose stool and so on. The main reason for this is that fermentation of undigested carbohydrates by bacteria produced gas in the colon. 3) Acarbose and voglibose treatment delayed starch digestion in the small intestine but there was compensatory salvage through bacterial fermentation in the large intestine. 4) When carbohydrates (starch, dietary fiber) enter the large intestine, they are degraded by the fermentation of anaerobic flora. 5) Under normal diet situations, the better part of starch was digested and absorbed in the small intestine, therefore, extra starch entering the large bowel changed microbial eco-system to some degree. Som...

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“…The most familiar and predominant structural element in pectin is formed by the “smooth” homogalacturonan regions and is composed predominantly of a homopolymer of partially methyl esterified (1–4)-linked α- d -galacturonic acid (GalA) units [12]. The health benefits of pectin might include alterations in the composition of intestinal microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids [36,37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cui et al [10] reported that Bifidobacteria intake could play a role in the remission of ulcerative colitis (UC) and that prebiotics, such as dietary fiber, are ingredients in food that may increase the functions of probiotics in the human body. Previous research has suggested that a sufficient intake of dietary fiber with prebiotic effects is necessary for patients with chronic constipation [11,12,13]. Pectin, one typical kind of dietary fiber, is usually present in the cell walls of fruits, vegetables, and legumes [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Synbiotics in Patients with Slow Transit Constipation: A Prospective Randomized Trial

Ding

Zhang

et al. 2016

Nutrients

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Synbiotic intake may efficiently restore the balance of gut microbiota and improve gastrointestinal functions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a synbiotic in patients with slow transit constipation. A total of 100 patients with slow transit constipation were randomized to receive either a synbiotic or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoints were the clinical remission and improvement rates at weeks 4 and 12. Stool frequency and consistency, colonic transit time (CTT), evacuation and abdominal symptoms, patient assessment of constipation symptoms, gastrointestinal quality-of-life index scores, satisfaction scores, and adverse events were also monitored. The clinical remission rates reached 37.5% at week 4 and 45.8% at week 12 in the treatment group, compared to 13.3% at week 4 and 16.7% at week 12 in the placebo group (p < 0.01 for both comparisons). Over 12 weeks, 64.6% of the patients who received the synbiotic experienced clinical improvement, compared to 29.2% of the patients in the placebo group (p < 0.01). During the intervention period, patients who were treated with the synbiotic exhibited increased stool frequency, improved stool consistency, decreased CTT, and improved constipation-related symptoms. This randomized, placebo-controlled trial suggested that dietary supplementation with a synbiotic improved evacuation-parameters-associated symptoms and colonic motility in patients with slow transit constipation (STC).

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Effects of pectin on fermentation characteristics, carbohydrate utilization, and microbial community composition in the gastrointestinal tract of weaning pigs

Abstract: The LMP, HMP, and aSBM, differently affected the digestion processes compared to the control diet and shaped the colonic microbiota from a Lactobacillus-dominating flora to a Prevotella-dominating community, with potential health-promoting effects.

Cited by 110 publications

References 35 publications

Dietary Supplementation with Compound Probiotics and Berberine Alters Piglet Production Performance and Fecal Microbiota

Dietary Supplementation with Compound Probiotics and Berberine Alters Piglet Production Performance and Fecal Microbiota

Comparisons of Effects on Intestinal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentration after Exposure of Two Glycosidase Inhibitors in Mice

Efficacy of Synbiotics in Patients with Slow Transit Constipation: A Prospective Randomized Trial

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