Effects of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars on Thrips tabaci Lindeman preference and performance

Abstract

The polyphagous onion thrips Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a serious pest in many protected and field crops and has recently been found to occur in high numbers in Pisum sativum L. crops. In the present study, the abundance of T. tabaci was compared on two pea cultivars in the field. Data on sweep net catches at different sampling times during the day suggest that peak activity of the thrips is at noon. Significantly more thrips larvae and adults were caught on the early pea cultivar Cud Kelwedonu compared with the very early cultivar Pionier, particularly during and after flowering of the peas. Analysis of primary plant compounds indicated that the higher leaf nitrogen and sucrose contents in the leaves of cvar Cud Kelwedonu promote thrips population growth in pea. The preference of T. tabaci for leaves of cvar Cud Kelwedonu was confirmed in experiments in the laboratory. Thrips tended to settle, caused significantly more feeding damage and laid significantly more eggs on the leaves of Cud Kelwedonu. Knowledge on abundance, activity patterns and host use of T. tabaci in pea may contribute to optimizing cultivar selection, monitoring and timing of possible control measures in the future.

Anatomical and Biochemical Traits Associated with Field Resistance of Onion Cultivars to Onion Thrips and the Effect of Mechanical Injury on the Level of Biochemical Compounds in Onion Leaves

“…Similarly, Njau et al [40] and Bhonde et al [66] found that the total sugars content in leaves of onion accessions was positively correlated with the number of onion thrips, while the authors also reported an inverse (although nonsignificant) relationship between their concentration and thrips damage. Pobo żniak and Koschier [30] and Žnidarčič et al [67] proved that sucrose contents in the leaves promoted the population growth of the onion thrips on pea and cabbage leaves. In our experiment, the concentrations of soluble sugars and sucrose in the onion leaves were significantly positively correlated with the number of onion thrips (but only in 2016), while for both years the positive correlation between the reducing sugars quantity and thrips density was confirmed.…”

“…The expression of antixenosis in genotypes may be a consequence of morphological, physical, and chemical features in plants and mainly affects the visual [26,27] and olfactory stimuli [28] involved in the host-finding behavior of thrips. In contrast, antibiosis negatively affects insect pest biology and their progeny (survival, development, and reproduction and are strongly influenced by the poor plant's nutritional quality (inadequate composition and concentration of soluble proteins and carbohydrates) [29,30], primary metabolites (e.g., lectins, proteinase, and amylase inhibitors), and secondary plant compounds (e.g., chlorogenic acid, glycoalkaloids, flavonoids, jasmonic acid) [31,32].…”

Thrips advisor: exploiting thrips-induced defences to combat pests on crops

“…The importance of post-alighting testing in host selection by thrips has been shown for F. occidentalis interacting with chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), in which thrips were more attracted to linalool-emitting flowers but gradually reversed their preference after landing, probably due to test feeding by thrips (Yang et al, 2013). Post-alighting host acceptance, and also subsequent feeding and reproduction, are strongly influenced by the plant's nutritional quality and defences (Baez et al, 2011;Chow et al, 2012;Leiss et al, 2009bLeiss et al, , 2013Pobożniak and Koschier, 2014;Wang et al, 2014). For example, transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants overexpressing cysteine proteinase inhibitors, which are known as defensive proteins, deter F. occidentalis (Outchkourov et al, 2004).…”

Gene regulatory network induced by Western flower thrips in Arabidopsis

“…The importance of post-alighting testing in thrips host selection has been shown for F. occidentalis interacting with the chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum morifolium in which thrips were more attracted to linalool-emitting flowers but gradually reversed their preference after landing, probably due to test feeding by thrips (Yang et al, 2013b). Post-alighting host acceptance, but also subsequent feeding and reproduction, is strongly influenced by the plant's nutritional quality and defenses (Leiss et al, 2009b;Baez et al, 2011;Chow et al, 2012;Leiss et al, 2013;Pobozniak & Koschier, 2014;Wang et al, 2014). For example, transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants overexpressing cysteine proteinase inhibitors (PIs), which are known as defensive proteins, deter F. occidentalis (Outchkourov et al, 2004).…”