Effects of Pasture Renovation on Hydrology, Nutrient Runoff, and Forage Yield

Koff, Jason P. de; Moore, P.; Formica, S. J.; Eps, M. Van; DeLaune, Paul B.

doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0158

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…There were no significant differences among tillage treatments with respect to corn silage yield. Previous reports on the effectiveness of aeration in conserving NH 3 -N and therefore corn silage yield have been inconsistent (Gordon et al 2000;De Koff et al 2011;Maguire et al 2011). De Koff et al (2011 found no consistent influence of aeration before manure application on pasture yields.…”

Section: Corn Silage Yield and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Tillage Systems for Reducing Ammonia Volatilization from Spring-Applied Slurry Manure

Sadeghpour

Hashemi

Weis

et al. 2015

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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The effect of tillage management on NH 3 -N volatilization and its influence on succeeding corn (Zea mays L.) silage production were studied at the University of Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station (South Deerfield, MA) during 2010-2012 growing seasons. Tillage treatments consisted of disking before and after manure application, solid-tine aeration before and after manure application, and no-till management. The greatest NH 3 -N loss (61 percent) occurred within the first 8 h after slurry manure application regardless of tillage management. The greatest NH 3 -N emission occurred with surface application (no-till), which ranged between 5.2 and 10.3 kg NH 3 -N ha −1 (9-20 percent of NH 3 -N applied) over the 3 years of the study. Immediate incorporation of manure into soil through disking reduced NH 3 -N loss by 66 to 75 percent. Ammonia loss abatement with aeration before or after manure application ranged from 13 to 41 percent compared with surface manure application. Tillage management did not influence corn silage yield or quality.

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Section: Corn Silage Yield and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Tillage Systems for Reducing Ammonia Volatilization from Spring-Applied Slurry Manure

Sadeghpour

Hashemi

Weis

et al. 2015

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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“…They attributed this reduction in slot surface area to accumulation of sediment, residues, and manure. DeKoff et al (2011) also noted that beneficial hydrological characteristics due to aeration (5° offset angle) were absent after three months in a permanent pasture setting. DeLaune and Sij (2012) reported that aeration using offset angels of 0°, 2.5°, 5°, 7.5°, and 10° did not reduce runoff volume compared to no-till three months after aeration of a long-term no-till wheat system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Mechanical soil aeration has been shown to increase macroporosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and air permeability and to decrease bulk density in grazing lands (Burgess et al 2000;Drewry et al 2000). Several researchers have also reported decreased runoff volumes and nutrient losses as a result of soil aeration (deKoff et al 2011;Shah et al 2004;Franklin et al 2007Franklin et al , 2011. However, the effect of aeration on soil physical properties and runoff characteristics have been shown to be effective only in the short term, with these characteristics reverting back to nonaerated plots within 3 to 10 months (deKoff et al 2011;Burgess et al 2000;Houlbrooke 1996;Acock et al 2007;Cournane et al 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have also reported decreased runoff volumes and nutrient losses as a result of soil aeration (deKoff et al 2011;Shah et al 2004;Franklin et al 2007Franklin et al , 2011. However, the effect of aeration on soil physical properties and runoff characteristics have been shown to be effective only in the short term, with these characteristics reverting back to nonaerated plots within 3 to 10 months (deKoff et al 2011;Burgess et al 2000;Houlbrooke 1996;Acock et al 2007;Cournane et al 2011). Furthermore, Franklin et al (2007) found that the impact of soil aeration on runoff parameters may be soil dependent, as aeration increased nutrient losses and runoff volume on poorly drained soils.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Impact of soil aeration on runoff characteristics in dual-purpose no-till wheat systems

DeLaune¹,

Sij²,

Krutz³

2013

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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Dual-purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) systems are an important practice in the Southern Great Plains of the United States. As no-till receives increasing interest, there are concerns that grazing no-till wheat increases soil compaction and reduces rainfall infiltration. The objective of this study was to evaluate runoff characteristics as impacted by tilling dual-purpose, no-till wheat systems using conventional and varying aeration methods. Tillage treatments included (1) no-till; (2) conventional till; and aeration roller angles of (3) 0°, (4) 5°, and (5) 10°. These treatments were evaluated on two grazing systems: (1) graze out and (2) graze/grain. Rainfall simulators were used to provide four storm events: two after tillage implementation and prior to grazing and two after harvest and grazing season. When runoff events occurred within three weeks of aeration, 5° and 10° roller angles reduced runoff volume, increased infiltration, and reduced nutrient losses compared to no-till. However, six weeks after tillage, no-till runoff volumes were lower than all other treatments except the 10° aeration treatment. Soluble reactive phosphorus (P), total P, and ammonium-nitrogen (NH 4 -N) loads were significantly reduced by 5° and 10° aeration treatments when runoff events occurred within three weeks of tillage and immediately after fertilizer application. After 10 months of tillage implementation, infiltration was 10% to 52% greater on no-till plots compared to tilled treatments. For summer runoff events, graze out systems increased runoff by as much as 1.5-fold and decreased infiltration by as much as 1.3-fold compared to the graze/grain system. Overall, aeration was most effective in reducing runoff volumes and nutrient losses within three weeks after implementation and provided more positive effects than disking. If aeration is implemented with nutrient applications, nutrient losses could be reduced by more than 4-fold compared to no-till. Aeration may also be beneficial in no-till wheat systems that undergo much more intensive grazing systems than observed in this study. Ultimately, economic considerations must be carefully weighed when considering tillage of no-till, dual-purpose wheat systems.

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“…Soil disturbance associated with grassland renovation should cause a temporary carbon dioxide CO 2 flush from the soil or promote microbial decomposition of SOC, as is the case with tillage in cropland fields Reicosky and Lindstrom, 1995;Reicosky et al, 1997;Ellert and Janzen, 1999 . At the same time, biomass production is increased, or at least maintained, by grassland renovation Velthof et al, 2010;de Koff et al, 2011;Necpalova et al, 2014 , which may increase SOC through plant litter. Most studies to date have investigated the effects of tillage in grassland Eriksen and Jensen, 2001;Grandy and Robertson, 2006;MacDonald et al, 2010;Willems et al, 2011 or land-use change from or to grassland; Post and Kwon, 2000;Conant et al, 2001;McLauchlan, 2006;Katsuno et al, 2010 on SOC or CO 2 exchange.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term effects of grassland renovation on CO<SUB>2</SUB> exchange of grasslands in a temperate humid region

Matsuura

Nakao

Hojito

2017

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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To investigate the short-term effects of grassland renovation on carbon dioxide CO 2 exchange of intensively managed grasslands in Japan, we conducted CO 2 flux measurements during the renovation process by using the eddy covariance and closed chamber methods in 2007, 2012, and 2013. The flux measurements were conducted at three grassland fi elds: two fi elds used for cutting, one receiving only chemical fertilizer CF and the other receiving composted cattle manure CM annually, and one fi eld used for grazing GM . Chamber measurements revealed fl ushes of CO 2 after plowing 14.45 -23.94 μmol m 2 s 1 and subsequent disk harrowing 7.36 μmol m 2 s 1 , in CF followed by rapid drops of CO 2 flux, which were local and temporary phenomena. The mean CO 2 losses during renovation periods were calculated as 4.52 -4.74, 6.00 -6.81, and 4.57 g C m 2 d 1 in CF, CM, and GM, respectively; CF and CM calculation is based on eddy covariance measurements, including temporal fl ux variations and representing footprint areas. The amount of carbon input during renovation including non-harvested grass biomass stubble and roots and applied manure was estimated as 2.24 -3.50 and 6.17 -8.77 Mg C ha 1 in CF and CM, respectively. Among them, carbon derived from plowed roots and manure is presumably resistant in soil, contributing to long-term soil organic carbon SOC accumulation. Our results also indicate that grassland renovation work does not affect short-term net CO 2 loss signifi cantly, although it affects CO 2 emissions to a certain extent. We can therefore say that net CO 2 loss during renovation is mainly brought by the absence of vegetation in this site. Grasses contribute SOC accumulation through biomass allocation belowground; and it is thus recommended to shorten grassland renovation period, the duration without photosynthesis, to reduce CO 2 loss associated with grassland renovation.

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Effects of Pasture Renovation on Hydrology, Nutrient Runoff, and Forage Yield

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Assessing Tillage Systems for Reducing Ammonia Volatilization from Spring-Applied Slurry Manure

Assessing Tillage Systems for Reducing Ammonia Volatilization from Spring-Applied Slurry Manure

Impact of soil aeration on runoff characteristics in dual-purpose no-till wheat systems

Short-term effects of grassland renovation on CO<SUB>2</SUB> exchange of grasslands in a temperate humid region

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