Effects of passivation treatments on titanium alloy with nanometric scale roughness and induced changes in fibroblast initial adhesion evaluated by a cytodetacher

Abstract

Passivation treatments of titanium alloy alter not only its nanosurface characteristics of oxides and ion release but also surface roughness (Ra), and wettability as well, where nanosurface characteristics of oxides include chemistries of oxides, amphoteric-OH groups adsorbed on oxides, and oxide thickness. Consequently, the passivation treatment affects the alloy's cyto-comparability. In this study, we polish specimens to achieve nanometric scale roughness. In addition, treatment effects are evaluated for surface topology, roughness, wettability, and responses of fibroblasts consisting of MTT assay, initial adhesion strength, and morphology. The initial adhesion strength is measured using a cyto-detacher that achieves nano-Newton resolution. Results reveal that (1) the treatment effects on the percentage of Ti--OH basic groups and wettability are nearly collinear; (2) the Ra of passivated Ti-6Al-4V ranges from 1.9 to 7.4 nm; (3) the initial adhesion strength of fibroblast ranges from 58 to 143 nN, and it is negatively correlated to the Ra; (4) the passivation results in distinguishable morphologies, which further substantiate the negative correlation between cell initial adhesion force and Ra; and (5) our results fall short of confirming previous reports that found positively charged functional groups promoting fibroblast attachment and spread. Potential causes of the inconsistency are addressed.

Effect of intracanal dentine wettability on human dental pulp cell attachment

“…In the field of biomaterial researches, the cellbiomaterial interaction can be modulated by the surface characteristics of the material. Recently, it has been reported that an improvement in surface wettability of biomaterials can promote cell survival and attachment (Sawase et al 2008, Machida-Sano et al 2009, Wang et al 2009, Ke et al 2010. In the broadest sense, dentine is a special type of biomaterial.…”

Modulating Protein Adhesion and Conformation with Block Copolymer Surfaces

“…While there are many ways to generate irregular nanoscale features such as roughness [33][34][35], there are only a few methods for generating highly defined nanostructures. Most of the techniques are based on some form of lithography [36], soft lithography [37][38][39], e-beam etching [40,41], dip-pen [42,43], or conventional lithography [44,45].…”

Fabrication and characterization of CaP-coated nanotube arrays

“…Conversely, the application of CaP on nanotube arrays altered the wettability from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. The initial morphology of cells on biomaterials can be used as an indicator of cyto-compatibility [30]. Cell attachment to the surface of specimens was observed using SEM.…”