Effects of partial root-zone irrigation on the nitrogen absorption and utilization of maize

Hu, Tiantian; Kang, Shaozhong; Li, Fusheng; Zhang, Jianhua

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2008.07.011

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…Water or salinity stresses may reduce crop N uptake (Karandish and Šimůnek, 2017;Ramos et al, 2012) and lead to higher nutrient loads into aquifers as a byproduct of N leaching out of the root zone (Zhu et al, 2005;Thompson et al, 2007;Dudley et al, 2008;Burow et al, 2010;Dahan et al, 2014;. If fresh water is applied, N leaching may be lower under PRD than under DI due to a higher crop N recovery (Kang and Zhang, 2004;Kirda et al, 2005;Li et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2009;Hu et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2012;Karandish and Šimůnek, 2017), which could translate into lower groundwater contamination. Even so, no earlier studies have ever attempted to find the optimal combination of N fertilization rates and applied water levels under PRD irrigated with saline water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An application of the water footprint assessment to optimize production of crops irrigated with saline water: A scenario assessment with HYDRUS

Karandish

Šimůnek

2018

Agricultural Water Management

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Agriculture, due to a growing scarcity of fresh water resources, often uses low-quality waters for irrigation, such as saline waters. However, unmanaged applications of such waters may have negative environmental and economic consequences. Based on the concept of the water footprint (WF), a measure of the consumptive and degradative water use, the field-calibrated and validated HYDRUS (2D/3D) model was applied to find optimal management scenarios (from 1980 different evaluated scenarios). These scenarios were defined as a combination of different salinity rates (SR), irrigation levels (IL, the ratio of an actual irrigation water deth and a full irrigation water depth), nitrogen fertilization rates (NR), and two water-saving irrigation strategies, deficit irrigation (DI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD). The consumptive WF was defined as the crop water consumption divided by the crop yield. The grey WF was calculated for the N fertilizer and defined as the volume of freshwater required to dilute nitrogen (N) in recharge so as to meet ambient water quality standards. Simulated components of water and solute dynamics were used to calculate criteria indices, which were divided into two groups: (a) environmental indices, including the degradative grey water footprint (GWF) and the apparent N recovery rate efficiency (ARE), and (b) economic indices, including economic water (EWP) and land (ELP) productivities. While significant improvements of 3.9-59.2%, 0.1-165.8%, and 0.01-166.5% in ARE, EWP, and ELP, respectively, were obtained when NR varied within the range of 0-200 kg ha −1 , changes in these indices were relatively minor when NR was higher than 200 kg ha −1. At a given NR, GWF tends to increase considerably by up to 180% when DI-crops are subject to low-intermediate salt (SR < 7 dS m −1) and water (IL > 70%) stresses. This is at the expense of up to a 55% reduction in ELP and up to a 120% increase in EWP. With N uptake 0.2-17.3% higher, PRD seems to be a more viable agro-hydrological option than DI in reducing a pollutant load into regional aquifers as well as in sustaining farm economics. The entire analysis reveals that the PRD strategy with N-fertilization rates of 100-200 kg ha ), and irrigation levels of 60-90% represents the best management scenario. It can be concluded that, while there is a substantial need for rescheduling irrigation and fertilization managements when crops are irrigated with saline waters, HYDRUS modeling may be a reliable alternative to extensive field investigations when determining the optimal agricultural management practices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An application of the water footprint assessment to optimize production of crops irrigated with saline water: A scenario assessment with HYDRUS

Karandish

Šimůnek

2018

Agricultural Water Management

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“…Organic N, ammonia (NH 4 ) and nitrate (NO 3 ) are the common forms of N in soils. Among these forms, NO 3 is the largest contributor to groundwater pollution (Li et al, 2007;Hu et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2010) due to its high mobility and leachability. A close correlation was reported between the amount of applied water and NO 3 leached below the root zone as well as between the N http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2017.07.023 0378-3774/© 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V. fertilization rate and the leaching fraction under sprinkler irrigation (Gheysari et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional modeling of nitrogen and water dynamics for various N-managed water-saving irrigation strategies using HYDRUS

Karandish

Šimůnek

2017

Agricultural Water Management

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a b s t r a c tNitrate losses are the dominant cause of the non-point source pollution under agricultural fields. In this study, the HYDRUS-2D model was first calibrated and validated using data collected during a two-year field investigation in a drip-irrigated maize field and then applied to evaluate the influence of 176 different N-managed water-saving irrigation scenarios on water and N dynamics and maize grain yield. Various scenarios were defined by combining 11 irrigation levels (IL = 0-100% with a 10% interval), 8 N fertilization rates (NR = 0-400 kg ha −1 with a 50 kg ha −1 interval) and two water-saving irrigation strategies: deficit irrigation (DI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD). Reliable estimates of soil NO 3 − -N concentrations (RMSE = 0.39-10.9 mg l −1 and MBE = −8.9-8.4 mg l −1 ), crop N uptake (RMSE = 3.9-8.9 kg ha −1 and MBE = −5.3-6.25 kg ha −1 ), and soil water contents (RMSE = 2.3-5.11 mm and MBE = 1.63-4.93 mm) were provided by HYDRUS-2D. Based on the simulated results, the fertigation strategy with NR = 200 kg ha −1 is an optimum strategy. For the higher fertigation rates (NR ≥ 250 kg ha −1 ), the NO 3 − -N leaching out of the surface layers (0-20 cm) increased by 0.1-183% while N uptake was enhanced by only 0.3-15%. On the other hand, reducing NR below this level would have resulted in severe economic losses. A 30% reduction in IL at NR = 200 kg ha −1 shows an enormous potential in lowering N leaching below different soil layers (12-99%) while reducing crop N uptake by only 5.4%. In addition, higher crop yield by 0.2-20.2% can be expected under PRD since crop N uptake is enhanced by more water available in the surface layers. While on the one hand, PRD ensures environmentally safer fertilizer applications, on the other hand, the economic objectives are met more easily under PRD than under DI. Additionally, it could be concluded that the HYDRUS-2D model, instead of labor-and time-consuming and expensive field investigations, could be reliably used for determining the optimal scenarios under both the DI and PRD strategies.

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“…2 Single factor effects of soil water content (W) and nitrogen fertilisation (N) on leaf net photosynthetic rates (Pn), SPAD-502 meter reading of leaf chlorophyll (SPAD), and stable carbon isotope signatures (δ 13 C); see Table 1 for an explanation of the coded values of the factors C of Catalpa bungei... 31 synthetic capacity of C. bungei seedlings increased rapidly when N fertiliser was applied appropriately ), but growth rates were limited by extreme drought stress ; both studies indicated that water and fertiliser are clearly limiting factors for the photosynthesis and growth of these seedlings. W significantly positively influenced leaf Pn and SPAD values of C. bungei seedlings, probably because increasing soil water content promotes the absorption and transportation of water and nutrients (Hu et al, 2009), which in turn elevate leaf chlorophyll content (hence, SPAD values) and stomatal conductance. We also found that N had similar effects on leaf Pn and SPAD values, which we attributed to increases in leaf chlorophyll content as N supply was increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We showed that the W × N interaction significantly affected leaf Pn and SPAD values in C. bungei seedlings. Soil water reportedly determines soil N availability and transportation; hence, N absorption and utilisation by plants may be promoted by increased irrigation (Hu et al, 2009;Al-Kaisi & Yin, 2003). Increasing N fertilisation to C. bungei seedlings increases WUE and absorption, thereby promoting the expansion and development of roots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between soil water and fertilizer on leaf photosynthesis and δ13C of Catalpa bungei seedlings

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Our objective was to identify combinations of irrigation and fertiliser application that promoted the photosynthetic productivity and water use efficiency (WUE) of Catalpa bungei. Using response surface methodology based on a rotatable central composite design, we conducted a pot experiment with C. bungei clone 004-1 seedlings. The experiment quantified the effects of interactions between soil water content (W), nitrogen application rate (N), and phosphorus application rate (P) on leaf net photosynthetic rates (Pn), SPAD values (SPAD-502 meter readings of leaf chlorophyll), and carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C). N had significantly positive effects on the all three leaf parameters, while W had significantly negative effects on leaf δ 13 C signatures but positive effects on leaf Pn and SPAD values. The magnitude of the N effect exceeded that of the W effect. P had no significant effects on any of the three leaf parameters. The W × N interaction had significant positive effects on Pn and SPAD, but significant negative effects on leaf δ 13 C. Thus, irrigation and nitrogen application had different effects on seedling growth and WUE, and the two effects were interactive. Catalpa bungei growth was promoted by appropriately increasing nitrogen application and irrigation, but WUE was improved by increasing N and decreasing irrigation. Therefore, strategies for the irrigation and fertilisation of C. bungei plantations should be designed to appropriately balance plant growth and WUE.

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Effects of partial root-zone irrigation on the nitrogen absorption and utilization of maize

Cited by 80 publications

References 25 publications

An application of the water footprint assessment to optimize production of crops irrigated with saline water: A scenario assessment with HYDRUS

An application of the water footprint assessment to optimize production of crops irrigated with saline water: A scenario assessment with HYDRUS

Two-dimensional modeling of nitrogen and water dynamics for various N-managed water-saving irrigation strategies using HYDRUS

Interactions between soil water and fertilizer on leaf photosynthesis and δ13C of Catalpa bungei seedlings

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