Effects of Partial Replacement of Nitrogen Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer on Rice Growth, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Soil Properties in the Yangtze River Basin

Abstract

Cake fertilizer and dairy manure were used as experimental materials to carry out a 9-year (2012–2020) field experiment in the main rice production areas in the Yangtze River basin. Different fertilization modes were used (no fertilization, CK; chemical fertilizer application alone, HY; reduced fertilization with chemical fertilizer application, RF; cake fertilizer replacement of nitrogen fertilizer, CFR; and dairy manure replacement of nitrogen fertilizer, DMR). Changes in the total rice yield, yield components, absorption of nitrogen, soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, and soil bulk density under different fertilization treatments were analyzed. The results show that organic fertilizer replacement leads to a stable and high rice yield. The 9-year average rice yields of the CFR and DMR treatments were 60.0% and 61.5% higher than that of CK. The nitrogen uptake of the CFR and DMR treatments was also higher than that of the other treatments. The nitrogen recovery efficiency in the current season could be increased by 16.37–22.89%, and after 9 years of testing, the soil total nitrogen contents of CFR and DMR increased by 0.23–0.85 g·kg−1 compared to the other treatments. The available P and K contents of DMR increased by 30.17 mg·kg−1 and 22.02 mg·kg−1 compared with HY, respectively. The soil bulk density was reduced by 0.08 g·cm−3. Generally, the effects of dairy manure replacement were better than those of cake fertilizer. This is an important method that can be used to fertilize the soil and foster sustainable soil utilization in the rice-growing area of the Yangtze River Basin, as a long-term partial replacement for chemical nitrogen fertilizer.

Partial substitution of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer increases yield, quality and nitrogen utilization of Dioscorea polystachya

“…Nonetheless, as the proportion of organic organic fertilizer nitrogen relative to synthetic fertilize nitrogen increases, both the total nitrogen accumulation in plants and grains gradually decreases, aligning with previous research findings [30][31][32][33]. Additionally, it has been observed that as the proportion of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer increases, there is a corresponding rise in organic matter content.…”

Boosting Crop Growth Rates of Hybrid Rice (Pukhraj) through Synergistic Use of Organic Nitrogen Sources in Conjunction with Urea Nitrogen

“…For instance, research by [38] demonstrated that the combined application of urea (chemical fertilizer) and poultry manure (organic fertilizer) in equal proportions resulted in higher plant height, increased tiller production, and improved grain yield in rice. Another study by [39] supported these findings, revealing that the 50:50 ratio of chemical and organic nitrogen fertilizers improved nutrient uptake efficiency, enhanced photosynthesis, and ultimately led to higher rice yields. These findings underscore the importance of integrating chemical and organic nitrogen sources in a balanced ratio to maximize the growth and yield potential of rice crops.…”

Soil Fertility and Bacterial Community Composition in Response to the Composting of Biochar-Amended Chicken Manure

“…At present, an effective way to improve soil fertility and nutrient vitality is by increasing the application of organic fertilizers, purifying the soil environment and ensuring high yield and quality of crops based on various amino acids and humus [1][2][3]. Previous studies showed that organic fertilizers contain a large number of amino acids and organic matter, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients required for plant growth [4]. Also, they optimize the rhizosphere bacterial community structure and improve soil fertility and soil continuous production capacity [4].…”

“…Previous studies showed that organic fertilizers contain a large number of amino acids and organic matter, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients required for plant growth [4]. Also, they optimize the rhizosphere bacterial community structure and improve soil fertility and soil continuous production capacity [4]. Gelaye and Tadele (2022) suggested a combination of two cabbage buds and five tons of farmyard manure/ha −1 fertilizer for the economical production of cabbage [5].…”