Effects of parity and stage of lactation on adenosine triphosphate, somatic cell count and antitrypsin content in cows' milk

Emanuelson, Ulf; Olsson, Thomas; Mattila, Tiina; Aström, G; Holmberg, Olof

doi:10.1017/s002202990002584x

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…2, b v. d and Table 5). Use of only one test day may also be inadequate owing to significant variation of CMSCC from day to day (Emanuelson et al 1988). An overestimation of low observed values could lead to wrong decisions leading to costly culling or therapy of cows that probably should not be culled or treated because they will perform well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between somatic cell counts at calving or prior to drying-off and future somatic cell counts, in the remaining or subsequent lactation

Whist

Østerås

2006

Journal of Dairy Research

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Composite milk somatic cell counts (CMSCC) from four separate datasets, containing 3338, 350, 1408 and 1404 herds, were used. All herds were enrolled in the Norwegian Dairy Herd Recording System (NDHRS). The aim was to investigate associations between CMSCC at calving or prior to drying-off and future CMSCC in the remaining or subsequent lactation. CMSCC was determined using Fossomatic 5000 cell counters (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark) according to IDF recommendations (International Dairy Federation, 1984) and a natural logarithmic transformation of the CMSCC data (lnCMSCC) was performed. Results obtained were arranged according to parity and lactation stage and regression models and general linear mixed models were applied, the latter model to account for clustering between herds. The best associations between CMSCC at calving or prior to drying-off and future CMSCC in the remaining or subsequent lactation were found by using at least two CMSCC test days after calving or prior to drying-off. The geometric mean of the second and third or the first three CMSCC test days explained 50% of the variation in future CMSCC in first parity cows. This information was accessible at 151 days in milk (DIM) in bimonthly tested herds, and at 87 DIM for monthly tested herds. There was not a large difference using two or three single consecutive weighted CMSCC test days compared with the geometric mean of two or three CMSCC test days. Our findings indicate the need of using at least two CMSCC test days and, if only one CMSCC test day is used, it should be obtained after 14 d post-calving or preferably after 30 DIM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between somatic cell counts at calving or prior to drying-off and future somatic cell counts, in the remaining or subsequent lactation

Whist

Østerås

2006

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…Milk samples for bacteriology and ATP as an estimation of SCC [4,5,14] were collected aseptically using Mastistrip TM (Department of Mastitis and Diagnostic Products, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden) and sterile polystyrene tubes (Nunc Brand Products, Nalge Nunc International, Naperville, USA) at one occasion from each cow. The tube milk samples were frozen at -20°C for later analysis of haptoglobin and SAA.…”

Section: Animals and Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today, sub-clinical mastitis is mostly diagnosed by cow-side tests like California Mastitis Test (CMT), or by laboratory analyses of SCC using automatic cell counters. SCC can also be determined indirectly by measuring the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [4,5,14] or N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase [10] activity in milk. In addition, electrical conductivity is relatively commonly used in some milking systems for on-line detection of mastitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in milk from dairy cows with chronic sub-clinical mastitis

2005

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-New tools are needed to detect chronic sub-clinical mastitis, especially in automatic milking systems. Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A (SAA) are the two most sensitive bovine acute phase proteins, and their concentrations increase in milk from cows with clinical mastitis and in milk from cows with experimentally induced chronic sub-clinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. The aim of this study was to further evaluate the potential for haptoglobin and SAA in milk as indicators of chronic sub-clinical mastitis. Quarter milk samples were collected from 41 cows with a mean composite milk somatic cell count (CSCC) above 300 000 cells/mL during at least two months prior to sampling. Quarter milk samples were also taken from eleven cows with a mean CSCC below 80 000 cells/mL during at least two previous months. These samples were analysed for haptoglobin, SAA, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) activity and bacterial growth. The samples were grouped according to their ATP, haptoglobin and SAA status. ATP+ samples had ATP > 2 × 10 -10 mol/mL, Hp+ and SAA+ samples had detectable levels of haptoglobin (≥ 0.3 mg/L) and SAA (≥ 0.9 mg/L), respectively. In udder quarter samples from healthy cows, 42 out of 44 samples belonged to the ATPHp-SAA-group. Among cows with chronic sub-clinical mastitis, the ATP+Hp+SAA+ group contained 66 out of 164 samples while 44 samples belonged to the ATP+Hp-SAA-group. Detectable levels of haptoglobin and SAA were found in 92 and 80 samples, respectively. Growth of udder pathogens was detected in 28 samples and Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria. In conclusion, haptoglobin and SAA concentrations below the detection limit were considered as good indicators of healthy udder quarters. A substantial variation in haptoglobin and SAA concentrations in milk was observed in udder quarters with chronic sub-clinical mastitis. serum amyloid A / haptoglobin / chronic / sub-clinical / mastitis

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“…ATP can be measured using a bioluminescence technique where the enzyme-co-enzyme complex luciferase and luciferin is used. ATP has a strong positive correlation with SCC and has been considered as an alternative to SCC as an indicator of mastitis [13]. Parity and stage of lactation were shown to have significant effects on milk ATP content similar to those on SCC [13].…”

Section: Adenosine Triphosphatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…ATP has a strong positive correlation with SCC and has been considered as an alternative to SCC as an indicator of mastitis [13]. Parity and stage of lactation were shown to have significant effects on milk ATP content similar to those on SCC [13]. Bioluminescence is currently used mostly to monitor bacterial contamination in different food production processes [14].…”

Section: Adenosine Triphosphatementioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators of inflammation in the diagnosis of mastitis

2003

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-Mastitis affects the quality of milk and is a potential health risk for the other cows. In a well managed dairy herd, in addition to clinical mastitis, subclinical mastitis should be efficiently detected. Bacteriological sampling is not feasible as a routine test to identify subclinical mastitis, and indirect tests of mastitis are more suitable for selecting cows with intramammary infections for subsequent bacteriological sampling. Mastitis affects the composition of milk, and the degree of changes depends on the infecting agent and the inflammatory response. Indicators of inflammation in the milk which can be determined using rapid, reliable and easy routine techniques, can be used for the early detection of mastitis. The measuring of the somatic cell count in milk is the standard method, but the analysis technique is problematic for routine use in herds. The most promising parameters for monitoring subclinical mastitis are milk N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase activity, lactose, and electrical conductivity along with some other indicators such as optical and milk flow measurements, preferably with an inter-quarter evaluation included in the test. Acute phase proteins, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A, are also potential candidates for mastitis monitoring. New mastitis detection systems which can be adapted into on-line use are urgently needed, since dairy units are growing bigger and automatic milking systems are being taken into use. mastitis / indicator of inflammation / somatic cell count / NAGase / electrical conductivity

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Effects of parity and stage of lactation on adenosine triphosphate, somatic cell count and antitrypsin content in cows' milk

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Associations between somatic cell counts at calving or prior to drying-off and future somatic cell counts, in the remaining or subsequent lactation

Associations between somatic cell counts at calving or prior to drying-off and future somatic cell counts, in the remaining or subsequent lactation

Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in milk from dairy cows with chronic sub-clinical mastitis

Indicators of inflammation in the diagnosis of mastitis

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