Effects of Parenteral Arginine Supplementation on the Intestinal Adaptive Response after Massive Small Bowel Resection in the Rat

Welters, Carlo F. M.; Dejong, Cornelis H. C.; Deutz, N.E.P.; Heineman, Erik

doi:10.1006/jsre.1999.5607

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…4) compared with sham animals (group A). The reported changes are consistent with results of our previous studies [23][24][25] and with data presented by other investigators [9][10][11]. Following parenteral arginine administration (group C), SBS rats demonstrated a significant decrease in ileal overall bowel (43±4 vs. 51±2, p<0.05) and mucosal weight (14±2 vs. 18±1, p<0.05), mucosal DNA content in jejunum (55±7 vs. 92±12 lg/cm/100 g, p<0.05) and protein content in ileum (30±6 vs. 51±6 lg/cm/100 g, p<0.05), villus height in jejunum (712±128 vs. 1009±64 lm, p<0.05) and ileum (493±58 vs. 622±65 lm, p<0.05), and crypt depth in jejunum (167±2 vs. 235±25 lm, p<0.05) and ileum (159±13 vs. 201±14 lm, p<0.05) compared with SBS-untreated animals (group B).…”

Section: Parameters Of Intestinal Adaptationsupporting

confidence: 96%

“…Because the first 2 days are critical for the animals' postoperative recovery, treatment with arginine was delayed until the 3rd postoperative day. The dosage of arginine was chosen in accordance with previously described studies [10,16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exogenous arginine might stimulate mucosal growth after bowel resection through growth hormone release or production of polyamines. However, Welters et al [10] have demonstrated that parenteral arginine supplementation in a rat with SBS led to a slowing of the adaptive response, as shown by a decreased intestinal glutamine uptake and decreased protein synthesis. However, morphological adaptation was not examined in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Parenteral arginine impairs intestinal adaptation following massive small bowel resection in a rat model

et al. 2005

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The nitric oxide precursor L-arginine (ARG) has been shown to influence intestinal structure and absorptive function. It is also well known that the route of administration modulates the effects of ARG. The present study evaluated the effects of parenteral ARG on structural intestinal adaptation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in a rat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental groups: Sham rats underwent bowel transection and reanastomosis, SBS rats underwent a 75% small bowel resection, and SBS-ARG rats underwent a 75% small bowel resection and were treated with ARG given subcutaneously at a dose of 300 mug/kg, once daily, from days 3 to 14. Parameters of intestinal adaptation, enterocyte proliferation, and enterocyte apoptosis were determined on day 15 following operation. The SBS rats demonstrated a significant increase in jejunal and ileal bowel and mucosal weight, villus height and crypt depth, and cell proliferation index compared with the sham group. The SBS-ARG animals demonstrated lower ileal bowel and mucosal weights, jejunal mucosal DNA and ileal mucosal protein, and jejunal and ileal villus height and crypt depth compared with SBS animals. The SBS-ARG rats also had a lower cell proliferation index in both jejunum and ileum and a greater enterocyte apoptotic index in ileum compared with the SBS-untreated group. In conclusion, in a rat model of SBS, parenteral arginine inhibits structural intestinal adaptation. Decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis are the main mechanisms responsible for decreased cell mass.

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Section: Parameters Of Intestinal Adaptationsupporting

confidence: 96%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Parenteral arginine impairs intestinal adaptation following massive small bowel resection in a rat model

et al. 2005

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“…Using a similar model of enterectomy and labelled isotopes, Dejong et al [20] demonstrated that net renal CIT uptake and ARG release were both decreased by 50 % owing to intestinal resection. However, despite decreased net renal CIT consumption and renal ARG production in enterectomized rats, neither the whole-body rate of ARG appearance nor arterial ARG were modified, prompting the same group [21] to conclude that intestinal resection does not have important effects on whole-body ARG production. Therefore our results clearly show that ARG administration failed to increase ARG pools.…”

Section: Figure 3 Nitrogen Balance Over the Duration Of Total Parentementioning

confidence: 90%

Impairment of arginine metabolism in rats after massive intestinal resection: effect of parenteral nutrition supplemented with citrulline compared with arginine

et al. 2008

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Arginine homoeostasis is impaired in short bowel syndrome, but its supplementation in short bowel syndrome patients remains controversial. Recently, we demonstrated the benefits of citrulline supplementation by the enteral route in resected rats. Since the first step in managing short bowel syndrome is to initiate total parenteral nutrition, we hypothesized that parenteral citrulline supplementation would be more appropriate in this situation than arginine supplementation. In the present study, 24 rats were assigned to four groups. The sham group underwent transection whereas the three other groups underwent resection (R) of 80% of the small intestine. All rats were then fed exclusively by total parenteral nutrition as follows: supplementation with citrulline (R+CIT), with arginine (R+ARG) or no supplementation (R). All of the rats received isocaloric and isonitrogenous nutrition for 4 days. Nitrogen balance was measured daily. Rats were then killed and the blood was collected and the intestinal mucosa and extensor digitorum longus muscle were removed for amino acid and protein analysis. Citrulline and arginine increased mucosal protein content in the ileum (compared with sham and R, P<0.05). However, only citrulline prevented extensor digitorum longus atrophy (R+CIT, 130+/-3 mg compared with R, 100+/-6 mg and R+ARG, 110+/-2 mg, P<0.05). In addition, arginine worsened nitrogen balance (R+ARG, 104+/-46 mg/72 h compared with R, 249+/-69 mg/72 h, P<0.05). Only citrulline was able to prevent muscle atrophy and it was achieved independently from any noticeable effect on the gut in particular because citrulline and arginine share the same effect on mucosal ileal protein content. These results suggest that citrulline should be considered as a potential supplement for total parenteral nutrition of short bowel syndrome patients.

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“…In addition, arginine enhanced protein anabolism and decreased protein catabolism in muscle [16]. After massive intestinal resection in rats, parenteral arginine supplementation reduced intestinal protein synthesis but limited intestinal permeability [29]. Moreover, enteral arginine supply was less effective than citrulline to prevent nitrogen losses after intestinal resection in the rat [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Lack of Effect of Acute Enteral Arginine Infusion on Whole-Body and Intestinal Protein Metabolism in Humans

et al. 2007

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Arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid and exerts anabolic effects. We studied the effects of enteral arginine on whole-body and duodenal protein metabolism. Eight healthy fasted volunteers received randomly a 5-hr enteral infusion of either arginine (Arg; 20 g) or an isonitrogenous amino acid mixture (AA) and an IV infusion of [13C]leucine. Duodenal biopsies were performed. Whole-body protein turnover and duodenal protein synthesis (FSR) were calculated from GC/MS-assessed enrichment. The mRNA levels for major components of proteolytic pathways, ubiquitin, cathepsin D, and m-calpain, were evaluated by RT-PCR. Results were compared using paired Wilcoxon test. Endogenous, oxidative, and nonoxidative leucine fluxes were not different after Arg and AA infusions, respectively. Duodenal mucosal protein FSR (71% +/- 26% vs 81% +/- 30%/day) and mRNA levels of ubiquitin, cathepsin D, and m-calpain were also similar after Arg and AA infusions. We conclude that in healthy subjects, arginine infusion exerts no effect on whole-body and duodenal protein metabolism. Whether arginine might specifically affect these parameters in catabolic or inflammatory situations remains to be determined.

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Effects of Parenteral Arginine Supplementation on the Intestinal Adaptive Response after Massive Small Bowel Resection in the Rat

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Parenteral arginine impairs intestinal adaptation following massive small bowel resection in a rat model

Parenteral arginine impairs intestinal adaptation following massive small bowel resection in a rat model

Impairment of arginine metabolism in rats after massive intestinal resection: effect of parenteral nutrition supplemented with citrulline compared with arginine

Lack of Effect of Acute Enteral Arginine Infusion on Whole-Body and Intestinal Protein Metabolism in Humans

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