Effects of Paraquat on Reproduction and Growth in Northern Bobwhite

Bauer, Cheryl A.

doi:10.2307/3801397

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Paraquat has been chosen because it can elicit negative effects not related to its herbicide action in vertebrates and invertebrates. Paraquat, a quaternary ammonium herbicide of the bispyridinium family [28], is widely used in agriculture and can affect different non-target organisms such as fishes [29], Collembola [30], birds [31], Gastropoda [32] and mice [33] and is a non-specific inducer of apoptosis [34]. In human beings, Paraquat can trigger lethal lung fibrosis [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size Changes in Honey Bee Larvae Oenocytes Induced by Exposure to Paraquat at Very Low Concentrations

et al. 2013

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The effects of the herbicide Paraquat were investigated in honey bee larvae with attention focused on oenocytes. Honey bee larvae were exposed to Paraquat at different concentrations in the food: 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 µg/kg. In controls, between 24 h and 48 h, oenocytes grew from 630.1 to 1643.8 µm2 while nuclei changed in size from 124.9 to 245.6 µm2. At 24 h, Paraquat induced a slight decrease in the size of oenocytes and nuclei. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant substance, slightly lowered the effects of Paraquat. At 48 h, Paraquat elicited a strong concentration-dependent decrease in the size of oenocytes, even at the lowest concentration. NAC reversed the effect of Paraquat at a concentration of ≥0.01 µg/kg. This reversion suggested different modes of action of Paraquat, with an oxidant action prevalent at concentrations ≥0.01 µg/kg. This study is the first which reports an effect of a pesticide at the very low concentration of 1 ng/kg, a concentration below the detection limits of the most efficient analytic methods. It shows that chemicals, including pesticides, are likely to have a potential impact at such exposure levels. We also suggest that Paraquat could be used as a suitable tool for investigating the functions of oenocytes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size Changes in Honey Bee Larvae Oenocytes Induced by Exposure to Paraquat at Very Low Concentrations

et al. 2013

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“…This herbicide has been proven to be either fatal or elicit further physiological and behavioural effects clearly suggesting that it poses a danger to extant life forms present on earth (Rosic et al, 2020). Paraquat affects different non-target organisms such as bees (Moffet et al, 1972), Collembola (Choi et al, 2008), fishes including fingerlings (Eisler, 1990;Nkeeh and Jamabo, 2019), birds (Bauer, 1985), gastropoda (Bacchetta et al, 2002), periwinkle snails (Ogeleka et al, 2017) and mice (Dial and Dial, 1987). The high toxicity of paraquat to fish, and other aquatic species, including teratogenic effects in birds and amphibians and waterways has benefitted from reviews (Sartori and Vidrio, 2018;Rosic et al, 2020) (2014) reported decreased locomotion and distance travelled in adult Zebrafish injected with paraquat after 24 hours.…”

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confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Paraquat-Based Herbicide on Survival of African Catfish Clarias Gariepinus Fingerlings

Ikhuoriah,

Ejomah,

Uyi

2023

jasem

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Paraquat is a toxic chemical used as a broad spectrum, contact herbicide for aquatic weed control in many countries including Nigeria that has been implicated in many non-target effects in the environment. Clarias gariepinus, an important fish in aquaculture in Nigeria is also used as a bio-indicator species, as it plays an increasing important role in the monitoring of water pollution because it responds with great sensitivity to the changes in the aquatic environment. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of paraquat-based herbicide on the survival C. gariepinus fingerlings. Fingerlings were exposed to three concentrations of paraquat viz 3.44ml, 6.88ml and 13.75ml in tanks of 5 replicates. Percentage mortality was recorded after 24, 48 and 72-hour exposure. Paraquat exhibited a high degree of mortality against fingerlings, but the observed mortality was observed to be concentration and exposure time dependent. All concentrations used were below the manufacturer’s recommended concentration for aquatic weed control and they caused between 85 to 100% mortality after 72-hour exposure. Results from this study suggest that paraquat is highly toxic to C. gariepinus fingerlings and can therefore serve as reliable indicators of toxicity in environmental impact assessment programmes. Studies focusing on the effects of paraquat on aspects of the behaviour and physiology of juvenile stages of C. gariepinus are needed to fully understand the effects of this herbicide as results like this study show that paraquat can affect food supply (protein) and income to fish farmers.

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Effects of paraquat on reproduction and mortality in two generations of mice

Dial

1987

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Effects of Paraquat on Reproduction and Growth in Northern Bobwhite

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Size Changes in Honey Bee Larvae Oenocytes Induced by Exposure to Paraquat at Very Low Concentrations

Size Changes in Honey Bee Larvae Oenocytes Induced by Exposure to Paraquat at Very Low Concentrations

Toxicity of Paraquat-Based Herbicide on Survival of African Catfish Clarias Gariepinus Fingerlings

Effects of paraquat on reproduction and mortality in two generations of mice

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