Effects of paraquat on IL‑6 and TNF‑α in macrophages

Huang, Jie; Ning, Ning; Zhang, Weiwei

doi:10.3892/etm.2018.7099

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…LPS and paraquat treatment have previously been shown to induce microglial activation in the SNc [67], and we presently observed that DSS pre-treatment enhanced this activation. Despite this, SNc dopaminergic neuronal loss was not influenced by either DSS or VSL#3, which is surprising given the evidence linking microglial state to neurodegeneration [65,[68][69][70]. Yet, we found that LPS plus paraquat also induced increase in astroglia marker (at least a subset of astrocytes, as determined by GFAP) and this was unaffected by the DSS treatments.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

The impact of dextran sodium sulphate and probiotic pre-treatment in a murine model of Parkinson’s disease

Dwyer

Chaiquin

Ayoub

et al. 2021

J Neuroinflammation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Recent work has established that Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients have an altered gut microbiome, along with signs of intestinal inflammation. This could help explain the high degree of gastric disturbances in PD patients, as well as potentially be linked to the migration of peripheral inflammatory factors into the brain. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine microbiome alteration prior to the induction of a PD murine model. Methods We presently assessed whether pre-treatment with the probiotic, VSL #3, or the inflammatory inducer, dextran sodium sulphate (DSS), would influence the PD-like pathology provoked by a dual hit toxin model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and paraquat exposure. Results While VSL #3 has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects, DSS is often used as a model of colitis because of the gut inflammation and the breach of the intestinal barrier that it induces. We found that VSL#3 did not have any significant effects (beyond a blunting of LPS paraquat-induced weight loss). However, the DSS treatment caused marked changes in the gut microbiome and was also associated with augmented behavioral and inflammatory outcomes. In fact, DSS markedly increased taxa belonging to the Bacteroidaceae and Porphyromonadaceae families but reduced those from Rikencellaceae and S24-7, as well as provoking colonic pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, consistent with an inflamed gut. The DSS also increased the impact of LPS plus paraquat upon microglial morphology, along with circulating lipocalin-2 (neutrophil marker) and IL-6. Yet, neither DSS nor VSL#3 influenced the loss of substantia nigra dopamine neurons or the astrocytic and cytoskeleton remodeling protein changes that were provoked by the LPS followed by paraquat treatment. Conclusions These data suggest that disruption of the intestinal integrity and the associated microbiome can interact with systemic inflammatory events to promote widespread brain-gut changes that could be relevant for PD and at the very least, suggestive of novel neuro-immune communication.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

The impact of dextran sodium sulphate and probiotic pre-treatment in a murine model of Parkinson’s disease

Dwyer

Chaiquin

Ayoub

et al. 2021

J Neuroinflammation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Importantly, we did find that paraquat induce increases in lung (and heart) weight, which could reflect pathology owing to cellular derangement or infiltration, as was previously reported with paraquat poisoning [245,246]. Further, direct application of paraquat onto cultured RAW264.7 macrophages induced an elevation of IL-6 that accompanied the release of reactive oxidative species [247]. The NF-kB rise within the striatum after 1 month is interesting in that this is a primary inflammatory transcription factor that regulates IL-1b and TNF-a signaling.…”

Section: Figure 27supporting

confidence: 78%

“…Interestingly DSS pre-treatment significantly enhanced this activation while VSL#3 treatment trended to prevent this. Despite this, TH+ cell loss was not impacted by these microglial alterations which is surprising given the literature thus far examining the role of microglia in paraquat models of PD [150,153,247,316]. Given the increase we observed in GFAP expression following LPS and paraquat treatment, our TH+ cell loss may additionally be due to alteration in astrocyte function that may not be influenced by VSL#3 or DSS treatment.…”

Section: Dss Treatment Increased Intestinal Tnf-α and Il-1β Mrna Exprmentioning

confidence: 49%

Environmental toxicant exposure and Parkinson’s disease: LRRK2 and inflammatory processes

Dwyer¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parkinson's disease (PD) results from the progressive loss of dopamine producing neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars comapcta (SNc). This loss is thought to occur over several years to decades and current evidence suggests that neuroinflammation may play a central role in this loss. Numerous epidemiological studies have implicated chronic exposure to environmental toxicants such as heavy metals and pesticides to risk of developing PD. Indeed, many of these risk factors have been validated as rodent models of PD, able to induce dopaminergic cell loss in the SNc as well as motor dysfunction. While research strongly supports a role for environmental toxicants and inflammation in PD relatively little work has examined the interactions between these toxicants and other risk factors including senescence, genetic vulnerabilities, the gut microbiota or iii This thesis is based upon the following four manuscripts referred to in text by their corresponding chapter numbers.

show abstract

“…The mechanism of acute paraquat poisoning is complex, with many inflammatory factors and cytokines involved (30). Acute paraquat poisoning can lead to a strong inflammatory reaction (31). Previous studies reported that IL-10 mRNA expression level was increased in paraquat poisoned rats, IL-10 level was decreased by sucralfate treatment and the lung and kidney injuries of the rats were also improved (13,14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical significance of serum levels of microRNA‑27a and its correlation with interleukin‑10 in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by acute paraquat poisoning

Dai

Zhang

et al. 2020

Exp Ther Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aims of the present study were to examine the clinical significance of serum microRNA-27a (miR-27a) levels in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by acute paraquat poisoning and to investigate the correlation between miR-27a and interleukin (IL)-10. A total of 82 patients with MODS induced by acute paraquat poisoning and 88 healthy controls were recruited in the present study. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to measure serum miR-27a expression levels in patients with MODS and the control group. IL-10 serum levels were determined using ELISA. Decreased serum miR-27a level and increased IL-10 expression levels were detected in patients with paraquat poisoning compared with healthy controls (P<0.001). A moderately negative correlation was identified between the serum expression levels of miR-27a and IL-10 (r=-0.5225; P<0.001). miR-27a expression level was found to be associated with blood urea nitrogen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, arterial blood lactic acid, and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score (APACHE II; P<0.05). The area under the curve for miR-27a was 0.946, with a sensitivity of 86.6% and specificity of 87.5% at a cutoff value of 2.10. The non-survival patient group had lower miR-27a expression levels compared with the survival group (P<0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analyses suggested miR-27a expression level and APACHE II score were independent prognostic factors for 30-day mortality (P<0.01). The present results suggested that serum miR-27a level may be a potential novel diagnostic and prognostic factor for MODS caused by paraquat poisoning. Collectively, miR-27a may be involved in the process of MODS induced by paraquat poisoning by regulating the inflammatory response.

show abstract

Effects of paraquat on IL‑6 and TNF‑α in macrophages

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

The impact of dextran sodium sulphate and probiotic pre-treatment in a murine model of Parkinson’s disease

The impact of dextran sodium sulphate and probiotic pre-treatment in a murine model of Parkinson’s disease

Environmental toxicant exposure and Parkinson’s disease: LRRK2 and inflammatory processes

Clinical significance of serum levels of microRNA‑27a and its correlation with interleukin‑10 in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by acute paraquat poisoning

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About