Effects of Paradigm Color and Screen Brightness on Visual Fatigue in Light Environment of Night Based on Eye Tracker and EEG Acquisition Equipment

Abstract

Nowadays, more people tend to go to bed late and spend their sleep time with various electronic devices. At the same time, the BCI (brain–computer interface) rehabilitation equipment uses a visual display, thus it is necessary to evaluate the problem of visual fatigue to avoid the impact on the training effect. Therefore, it is very important to understand the impact of using electronic devices in a dark environment at night on human visual fatigue. This paper uses Matlab to write different color paradigm stimulations, uses a 4K display with an adjustable screen brightness to jointly design the experiment, uses eye tracker and g.tec Electroencephalogram (EEG) equipment to collect the signal, and then carries out data processing and analysis, finally obtaining the influence of the combination of different colors and different screen brightness on human visual fatigue in a dark environment. In this study, subjects were asked to evaluate their subjective (Likert scale) perception, and objective signals (pupil diameter, θ + α frequency band data) were collected in a dark environment (<3 lx). The Likert scale showed that a low screen brightness in the dark environment could reduce the visual fatigue of the subjects, and participants preferred blue to red. The pupil data revealed that visual perception sensitivity was more vulnerable to stimulation at a medium and high screen brightness, which is easier to deepen visual fatigue. EEG frequency band data concluded that there was no significant difference between paradigm colors and screen brightness on visual fatigue. On this basis, this paper puts forward a new index—the visual anti-fatigue index, which provides a valuable reference for the optimization of the indoor living environment, the improvement of satisfaction with the use of electronic equipment and BCI rehabilitation equipment, and the protection of human eyes.

Changes in accommodation with visual fatigue among digital device users

“…Visual display unit (VDU) users experience occupational eye problems, such as visual fatigue [5]. Factors affecting visual fatigue among VDU users include distance to the VDU position [6], background of VDU images [7], duration of VDU exposure [8][9][10][11], characteristics of the VDU workstation [12], pattern of VDU use [13], and type of work undertaken [14,15]. Subjective reports of visual fatigue symptoms obtained under such conditions also correlate with the physiological responses of the visual system.…”

Digital Display Preference of Electronic Gadgets for Visual Comfort: A Systematic Review

“…The type of visual tasks that were mentioned, discussed and assessed ( Table 2 ) in the preferred digital display of settings for visual comfort were reading comprehension (n=9, 56%), word search (n=2, 12%), text legibility (n=2, 12%), proofreading task (n=2, 12%), stimulus fixation (n=1, 6%) and intelligence test (n=1, 6%). The preferred display settings of digital devices for visual comfort, as reported, were high luminance contrast (n=6) ( 23 , 25 , 31 , 37 – 39 ), positive polarity (n=5) ( 23 – 26 , 29 ), larger font size (n=2) ( 24 , 32 ) and adequate colour contrast (n=2) ( 29 , 36 ).…”

“…The digital display’s brightness (luminance) difference also affects visual comfort, which is commonly associated with visual fatigue. High luminance induces higher visual fatigue, especially at night (scenes with low environmental lighting) ( 36 ). Paradigm color was infused into this study to compare which color performs better or worse, either black, green, blue, or red.…”

“…Paradigm color was infused into this study to compare which color performs better or worse, either black, green, blue, or red. The color red has the worst performance in all luminance levels because visual fatigue scored high in all red paradigms with a low subjective preference ( 36 ). Even though higher luminance induces more visual fatigue, certain paradigm colors, such as blue and black, have lower visual fatigue scores with a higher subjective preference.…”

Drivers’ Eye Movement Characteristics in a Combined Bridge-Tunnel Scenario on a Mountainous Urban Expressway: A Realistic Study

“…Tis can help determine the driving location and driving environment [28]. Furthermore, human mental activity is crucial and related to the spatial-temporal characteristics of eye movements, which are extracted by the eye tracker [29]. Te eye tracker is an ultralight and robust noninvasive headtracking module that ensures driver comfort and freedom of behavior [30].…”