Effects of oxygenate concentration on species mole fractions in premixed -heptane flames

İnal, Fikret; Şenkan, Selim

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2004.10.007

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…10-12). A similar profile for toluene has also been reported for the combustion of n-heptane [15,36] and other hydrocarbon fuels [37].…”

Section: K3supporting

confidence: 78%

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05/02669 Effects of oxygenate concentration on species mole fractions in premixed n-heptane flames

2005

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

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Atmospheric pressure, laminar, premixed, fuel-rich flames of n-heptane/oxygen/argon and n-heptane/oxygenate/oxygen/argon were studied at an equivalence ratio of 1.97 to determine the effects of oxygenate concentration on species mole fractions. The oxygen weight percents in n-heptane/oxygenate mixtures were 2.7 and 3.4. Three different fuel oxygenates (i.e. MTBE, methanol, and ethanol) were tested. A heated quartz micro-probe coupled to an on-line gas chromatography/mass spectrometry has been used to establish the identities and absolute concentrations of stable major, minor, and trace species by the direct analysis of samples, withdrawn from the flames. The oxygenate addition has increased the maximum flame temperatures and reduced the mole fractions of CO, low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons, aromatics, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The reduction in mole fractions of aromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon species by an increase in oxygenate concentration was more significant. q

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“…10-12). A similar profile for toluene has also been reported for the combustion of n-heptane [15,36] and other hydrocarbon fuels [37].…”

Section: K3supporting

confidence: 78%

“…The experimental setup used in this study has been described elsewhere [12,15] therefore, only a brief description will be given here. Atmospheric pressure, laminar, premixed, flat-flames of n-C 7 H 16 /O 2 /Ar and n-C 7 H 16 / oxygenate/O 2 /Ar were stabilized over a 50 mm diameter porous, bronze burner.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

05/02669 Effects of oxygenate concentration on species mole fractions in premixed n-heptane flames

2005

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

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“…Because the detailed mechanism of n-heptane/ethanol oxidation is available in the previous work by the authors, 33 the kinetic model is adopted after the validation against experimental data from the published literature. 34 The effect on the ethanol concentration on the flame structure of major/intermediate species and heat release rate is analyzed quantitatively and elaborated from the perspective of chemical kinetics. The different principles between aC 3 H 5 /C 3 H 3 and C 2 H 2 reduction with ethanol addition is clarified by reaction pathway analysis.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of the ethanol blending ratio on the flame structure (species concentrations, heat release rate, and temperature profile) and soot precursor (CH 3 , C 2 H 2 , aC 3 H 5 , and C 3 H 3 ) formation of the n -heptane/ethanol premixed laminar flame at the equivalence ratio of 2.0 and pressure of 3.861 MPa. Because the detailed mechanism of n -heptane/ethanol oxidation is available in the previous work by the authors, the kinetic model is adopted after the validation against experimental data from the published literature . The effect on the ethanol concentration on the flame structure of major/intermediate species and heat release rate is analyzed quantitatively and elaborated from the perspective of chemical kinetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Influence of the Ethanol Concentration on the Flame Structure and Soot Precursor Formation of the n-Heptane/Ethanol Premixed Laminar Flame

Liu

Han

et al. 2018

Energy Fuels

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The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of the ethanol blending ratio on the flame structure (species concentrations, heat release rate, and flame temperature profile) and soot precursor (CH 3 , C 2 H 2 , aC 3 H 5 , and C 3 H 3 ) formation of the n-heptane/ethanol premixed laminar flame at the equivalence ratio of 2 and pressure of 3.861 MPa. The results indicate the following: First, n-heptane consumes more rapidly than ethanol for its high dehydrogenation reaction rate under the research temperature range. n-Heptane decomposes completely (over 99% n-heptane is consumed) at about 0.723−0.839 mm above the burner surface, while that of ethanol (over 99% ethanol is consumed) ranges from 1.657 to 8.021 mm. Second, the ethanol addition facilitates the reaction sequences of CH 2 O → HCO → CO → CO 2 by providing reactive radicals, such as O, OH, and H. Third, the thickness of the reaction zone increases by 2.34% when the ethanol blending ratio grows from 0 to 25% because the dehydrogenation reaction rates of ethanol by H/OH radicals are slower than that from n-heptane at the studied flame temperature. However, it decreases by 0.585, 7.018, and 23.0021% at the ethanol blending ratios of 50, 75, and 100% compared to pure n-heptane as a result of the low-temperature heat release inhibition by ethanol. Fourth, even though the ethanol addition reduces the aC 3 H 5 /C 3 H 3 and C 2 H 2 formation, their principles are different. The ethanol addition has no direct impact on the reaction flux of the aC 3 H 5 and C 3 H 3 formation, and their reductions are caused by replacing n-heptane with ethanol. On the contrary, the C 2 H 2 reduction with ethanol addition is attributed to the increasing active radical (such as CH 2 O, OH, and H) concentration. However, the existence of a high concentration of CH 3 and sequential reactions of CH 3 → sC 3 H 5 CO → sC 3 H 5 → C 2 H 2 also facilitate the acetylene formation. Therefore, the decline of acetylene is about 12−43% lower than aC 3 H 5 and C 3 H 3 at the same ethanol blending ratio. The CH 3 concentration increases through C 2 H 5 OH → CH 4 → CH 3 with ethanol addition.

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“…In addition, ethanol is the only renewable fuel oxygenate. The effects of fuel oxygenate on PAH formation in n-heptane flames have been investigated by Inal and Senkan [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial neural network predictions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in premixed n-heptane flames

İnal

2006

Fuel Processing Technology

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in combustion systems has received considerable attention because of its health effects. The feedforward, multi-layer perceptron type artificial neural networks with back-propagation learning were used to predict the total PAH amount in atmospheric pressure, premixed n-heptane and n-heptane/oxygenate flames. MTBE and ethanol were used as fuel oxygenates. The total fifty-four data sets were divided into three groups: training, cross-validation, and testing. The different network architectures were tested and the best predictions were obtained for a network of one hidden layer with five neurons. The transfer function was sigmoid function. The mean square and mean absolute errors were 10.52 and 2.60 ppm for the testing set, respectively. The correlation coefficient (R 2 ) was 0.98. The results also showed that the total PAH amount was significantly influenced by the changes in equivalence ratio, presence of fuel oxygenates, and mole fractions of C 4 species.

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Effects of oxygenate concentration on species mole fractions in premixed -heptane flames

Cited by 31 publications

References 34 publications

05/02669 Effects of oxygenate concentration on species mole fractions in premixed n-heptane flames

05/02669 Effects of oxygenate concentration on species mole fractions in premixed n-heptane flames

Investigation into the Influence of the Ethanol Concentration on the Flame Structure and Soot Precursor Formation of the n-Heptane/Ethanol Premixed Laminar Flame

Artificial neural network predictions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in premixed n-heptane flames

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