Effects of oxygen deprivation during anoxia and muscular work on the energy metabolism of the crayfish, Orconectes limosus

Lactate accumulation in the intertidal hermit crab, <i>Pagurus samuelis</i>, in response to burial-induced hypoxia

“…Moreover, lactate levels observed during hypoxia in this study are greater than those found by Briffa & Elwood (2001) investigating hermit crab agonistic interactions leading to functional hypoxia. Although lactate accumulates in the hemolymph of decapod crustaceans during both functional and environmental hypoxia, the extent of accumulation is much greater during long-term environmental hypoxia when lactate concentrations may exceed 40 mM in the crayfish, Orconectes limosus (Gäde, 1984) and the stone crab, Menippe mercenaria (Albert & Ellington, 1985;Gäde, 1984). Our results suggest that lactate levels may rise higher in P. samuelis than in either of these species, although in the former reports the organisms were likely less stressed.…”

Targeting the live market: Recovery of Norway lobsters Nephrops norvegicus (L.) from trawl-capture as assessed by stress-related parameters and nucleotide breakdown

“…However, as other tissues (eg. hepatopancreas) were not analysed in this study conclusions about the fate of L-lactate should not be made and we can only note that the recovery of this endproduct in N. norvegicus is slow, a feature that appears to be characteristic of decapod crustaceans (Gäde, 1984;Hill et al, 1991;Henry et al, 1994).…”

“…It brings the animals to an advanced state of exhaustion in which the main muscle nucleotide is AMP rather than ATP and the AEC ratio is extremely low (Mendes et al, 2002;Albalat et al, 2009). AEC values in other crustacean species exercised to exhaustion have been reported to be between 0.5 and 0.7 (Onnen and Zebe, 1983;Gäde, 1984;Maguire et al, 2002) and in general, it is accepted that animals with AEC values lower than 0.5 are in a state of physiological collapse and will therefore very rarely survive (Sylvestre and LeGal, 1987). However, we report for the first time that N. norvegicus has a considerable ability to recover from these This high capacity of N. norvegicus to reverse the nucleotide inter-conversions could be related to their life-style of occupying burrows in the sediment, habitats that can often become hypoxic (Rice and Chapman, 1971).…”

Effects of exposure to air on the escape behaviour and haemolymph chemistry of the South African Cape lobster, Jasus lalandii

“…The rapid build up of l-lactate in the haemolymph indicates at least a partial switch to anaerobic metabolism and is an indicator of tissue hypoxia . Gäde (1984), Spicer et al (1990), Paterson et al (1997), Vermeer (1987, Harris and Andrews (2005) and Ridgway et al (2006) all report an increase in haemolymph l-lactate as a physiological indicator of stress. Taylor and Waldron (1997) recorded an increase in haemolymph l-lactate in J. edwardsii from almost zero in control lobsters to 4.42 mol/ml after 8 h emersion at 17 • C, much lower than the value of 18.5 mol/ml found in our study after 5 h emersion at 24 • C. Although our values are high they are not unrealistic.…”

“…The effects of air-exposure on the physiology of crustaceans have been thoroughly researched, particularly in the field of physiological homeostasis, exploring the pathways of haemolymph chemical balances (Gäde, 1984;Vermeer, 1987;Paterson et al, 1997;Taylor and Waldron, 1997;Morris and Oliver, 1999;Harris and Andrews, 2005;Ridgway et al, 2006). In our study, pH and the end product of anaerobic metabolism, l-lactate, were assessed and may offer an explanation for the delayed and diminished behavioural responses seen after exposure to air.…”