Effects of osmolarity on taste receptor  cell size and function

Lyall, Vijay; Heck, Gerard L.; DeSimone, John A.; Feldman, George M.

doi:10.1152/ajpcell.1999.277.4.c800

Cited by 42 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although one pathway appears to predominate in a given AI type III cell, it is not yet clear whether these mechanisms are completely segregated or whether there is some level of coexpression. Furthermore, although taste cells in an intact taste bud can be strongly affected by apically applied osmotic stimuli (Lyall et al, 1999), it is not certain that AEϪ cells housed in an intact taste bud will exhibit the same osmotically mediated salt response profile we observed in isolated AEϪ cells. If AEϩ and AEϪ AI type III taste cells can be distinguished in the intact taste bud, then additional research will be needed to determine whether AEϩ and AEϪ cells are redundant mechanisms for AI salt detection or whether they are complimentary mechanisms for sensing slightly different aspects of the same taste quality.…”

Section: The Anion Effect In Isolated Taste Cellsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In contrast, response magnitudes to NaCl and Na-gluconate are similar in AEϪ cells, but Na-gluconate responses peak significantly earlier than NaCl responses (see Results). (Lyall et al, 1999). We further hypothesized that the expression of an osmotically sensitive channel that is not sensitive to anion size could explain why some AI type III cells (AEϪ cells) do not exhibit the anion effect.…”

Section: Relationship Between Osmotic Responses and Ai Salt Responsesmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Amiloride-Insensitive Salt Taste Is Mediated by Two Populations of Type III Taste Cells with Distinct Transduction Mechanisms

et al. 2016

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Responses in the amiloride-insensitive (AI) pathway, one of the two pathways mediating salty taste in mammals, are modulated by the size of the anion of a salt. This "anion effect" has been hypothesized to result from inhibitory transepithelial potentials (TPs) generated across the lingual epithelium as cations permeate through tight junctions and leave their larger and less permeable anions behind (Ye et al., 1991). We tested directly the necessity of TPs for the anion effect by measuring responses to NaCl and Na-gluconate (small and large anion sodium salts, respectively) in isolated taste cells from mouse circumvallate papillae. Using calcium imaging, we identified AI salt-responsive type III taste cells and demonstrated that they compose a subpopulation of acid-responsive taste cells. Even in the absence of TPs, many (66%) AI salt-responsive type III taste cells still exhibited the anion effect, demonstrating that some component of the transduction machinery for salty taste in type III cells is sensitive to anion size. We hypothesized that osmotic responses could explain why a minority of type III cells (34%) had AI salt responses but lacked anion sensitivity. All AI type III cells had osmotic responses to cellobiose, which were significantly modulated by extracellular sodium concentration, suggesting the presence of a sodium-conducting osmotically sensitive ion channel. However, these responses were significantly larger in AI type III cells that did not exhibit the anion effect. These findings indicate that multiple mechanisms could underlie AI salt responses in type III taste cells, one of which may contribute to the anion effect.

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Section: The Anion Effect In Isolated Taste Cellsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Relationship Between Osmotic Responses and Ai Salt Responsesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Amiloride-Insensitive Salt Taste Is Mediated by Two Populations of Type III Taste Cells with Distinct Transduction Mechanisms

et al. 2016

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“…After 20 min, the tongue was thoroughly washed with the rinse solution for 10 min before the CT recordings. We previously showed that topical application of DMSO alone does not alter CT responses to taste stimuli (24). Typically, stimulus solutions remained on the tongue for 1 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRPM5-dependent amiloride- and benzamil-insensitive NaCl chorda tympani taste nerve response

Ren

Rhyu

Phan

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Ren Z, Rhyu M, Phan TT, Mummalaneni S, Murthy KS, Grider JR, DeSimone JA, Lyall V. TRPM5-dependent amilorideand benzamil-insensitive NaCl chorda tympani taste nerve response. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 305: G106 -G117, 2013. First published May 2, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00053.2013.-Transient receptor potential (TRP) subfamily M member 5 (TRPM5) cation channel is involved in sensing sweet, bitter, umami, and fat taste stimuli, complex-tasting divalent salts, and temperature-induced changes in sweet taste. To investigate if the amiloride-and benzamil (Bz)-insensitive NaCl chorda tympani (CT) taste nerve response is also regulated in part by TRPM5, CT responses to 100 mM NaCl ϩ 5 M Bz (NaCl ϩ Bz) were monitored in Sprague-Dawley rats, wild-type (WT) mice, and TRP vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) and TRPM5 knockout (KO) mice in the presence of resiniferatoxin (RTX), a TRPV1 agonist. In rats, NaCl ϩ Bz ϩ RTX CT responses were also monitored in the presence of triphenylphosphine oxide, a specific TRPM5 blocker, and capsazepine and N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamid (SB-366791), specific TRPV1 blockers. In rats and WT mice, RTX produced biphasic effects on the NaCl ϩ Bz CT response, enhancing the response at 0.5-1 M and inhibiting it at Ͼ1 M. The NaCl ϩ Bz ϩ SB-366791 CT response in rats and WT mice and the NaCl ϩ Bz CT response in TRPV1 KO mice were inhibited to baseline level and were RTX-insensitive. In rats, blocking TRPV1 by capsazepine or TRPM5 by triphenylphosphine oxide inhibited the tonic NaCl ϩ Bz CT response and shifted the relationship between RTX concentration and the magnitude of the tonic CT response to higher RTX concentrations. TRPM5 KO mice elicited no constitutive NaCl ϩ Bz tonic CT response. The relationship between RTX concentration and the magnitude of the tonic NaCl ϩ Bz CT response was significantly attenuated and shifted to higher RTX concentrations. The results suggest that pharmacological or genetic alteration of TRPM5 activity modulates the Bz-insensitive NaCl CT response and its modulation by TRPV1 agonists. triphenylphosphine oxide; resiniferatoxin; capsazepine; SB-366791; TRPV1 APPETITIVE AND AVERSIVE NEURAL and behavioral responses to NaCl are most likely transduced by a variety of mechanisms (35). Several studies suggest that in the anterior tongue Na ϩ from a Na ϩ salt taste stimulus enters a subset of taste bud cells by at least two types of cation channels located in taste cell apical membranes. One channel type is the Na ϩ -specific epithelial Na ϩ channel (ENaC), in which Na ϩ transport is inhibited by amiloride and benzamil (Bz) (1, 3, 8). The second involves Na ϩ transport through a putative transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1t)-nonspecific cation channel (26,27). The TRPV1t channel is insensitive to amiloride and Bz, permeable to Na ϩ , K ϩ , NH 4 ϩ , and Ca 2ϩ , and contributes to cell depolarization (31). These conclusions are supported by the observations that the phasic (transient) and tonic (steady-state) components of ...

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“…However, all other drugs were dissolved directly in 3 ml of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and were topically applied to the tongue for Ն30 min. DMSO by itself has no effect of the chorda tympani responses to salt stimuli (Lyall et al 1999). …”

Section: Detection Of Pkc Using Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the Benzamil-Insensitive Salt Taste Receptor by Intracellular Ca²⁺, Protein Kinase C, and Calcineurin

Lyall

Phan²,

Mummalaneni³

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Ϫ6 M) or in TRPV1 KO mice. 32 Plabeling demonstrated direct phosphorylation of TRPV1 or TRPV1t in anterior lingual epithelium by PMA, cyclosporin A, or FK-506. PMA also enhanced the RTX-sensitive unilateral apical Na ϩ flux in polarized fungiform TRC in vitro. We conclude that TRPV1 or its variant TRPV1t is phosphorylated and dephosphorylated by PKC and PP2B, respectively, and either sensitizes or desensitizes the Bz-insensitive NaCl chorda tympani responses to RTX stimulation.

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Effects of osmolarity on taste receptor cell size and function

Cited by 42 publications

References 35 publications

Amiloride-Insensitive Salt Taste Is Mediated by Two Populations of Type III Taste Cells with Distinct Transduction Mechanisms

Amiloride-Insensitive Salt Taste Is Mediated by Two Populations of Type III Taste Cells with Distinct Transduction Mechanisms

TRPM5-dependent amiloride- and benzamil-insensitive NaCl chorda tympani taste nerve response

Regulation of the Benzamil-Insensitive Salt Taste Receptor by Intracellular Ca²⁺, Protein Kinase C, and Calcineurin

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Effects of osmolarity on taste receptor cell size and function

Cited by 42 publications

References 35 publications

Amiloride-Insensitive Salt Taste Is Mediated by Two Populations of Type III Taste Cells with Distinct Transduction Mechanisms

Amiloride-Insensitive Salt Taste Is Mediated by Two Populations of Type III Taste Cells with Distinct Transduction Mechanisms

TRPM5-dependent amiloride- and benzamil-insensitive NaCl chorda tympani taste nerve response

Regulation of the Benzamil-Insensitive Salt Taste Receptor by Intracellular Ca2+, Protein Kinase C, and Calcineurin

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Regulation of the Benzamil-Insensitive Salt Taste Receptor by Intracellular Ca²⁺, Protein Kinase C, and Calcineurin